Gender differences and time allocation: A comparative analysis of Egypt and Tunisia

Nazier, Hanan; Ezzat, Asmaa

doi:10.1016/j.qref.2021.01.001

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Investigated how these contracts can incentivize farmers' performance while providing a safety net against potential risks, confirming the potential of sharecropping to contribute to sustainable farming practices [7]. Still, the intersection between different forms of land ownership, cooperative preferences, and these outcomes remains an open field of inquiry, which this study aims to address [8]. Remarkable social phenomena observed in the world of agriculture highlight an increasing disparity in wealth and resource allocation, exacerbating the vulnerabilities of smallholder and tenant farmers [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Differential Impact of Sharecropping on Time Allocation and Risk Transfer in Farming: An Islamic Economic Perspective

Ihsandi

2024

INFEB

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This study presents a quantitative exploration of the influence of sharecropping on the allocation of time and risk transfer in farming practices. Through a causal associative research design, the study identifies various factors of influence on the dependent variable, applying an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis on survey data. The results provide intriguing insights into farmers' decision-making and preferences concerning cooperation models based on land ownership status. Our findings reveal that shareholder farmers, who farm lands belonging to others, exhibit preferences distinct from owner-farmers for cooperative models. Similarly, those cultivating both others' and their own lands demonstrate unique inclinations towards different cooperative models compared to owner-farmers. The results also emphasize the significance of risk perceptions in these preferences. A significant tendency was observed among farmers to allocate more time to farming when they are relieved of risk entirely in an agricultural management scenario, particularly in long-duration collaborations. In contrast, owner-farmers and those cultivating both their own and others' land exhibited a more cautious approach, agreeing to share risks but within limited periods of cooperation. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the effects of sharecropping on farmers' time management and risk-allocation decisions, providing significant implications for agricultural policy and practices. Further research should delve into the psychosocial factors that influence these preferences to enable the creation of more equitable and efficient farming systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Differential Impact of Sharecropping on Time Allocation and Risk Transfer in Farming: An Islamic Economic Perspective

Ihsandi

2024

INFEB

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“…Compared with men, women's employment stability is more often negatively affected by the unequal distribution of household tasks and care responsibilities (Carlson & Lynch, 2017;Cunningham, 2008). In Egypt, the family is set up in such a way that it supports men's stable employment, and men contribute little to domestic chores (Nazier & Ezzat, 2022). As Egyptian women's paid work is often arranged to fit around the demands of their family and the husband's career needs, their employment stability over the life course can be highly dynamic and subject to frequent interruptions.…”

Section: Women's Employment Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Employment Shapes Daughters’ Employment Stability in Egypt: Evidence for the Intergenerational Transmission of Labor Force Attachment

Abouelenin

2022

Sex Roles

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Research has documented how maternal employment influences daughters’ participation in paid employment. However, we know far less about how maternal employment during daughters’ adolescence relates to the daughters’ subsequent employment stability. Analyzing data from three waves (2006, 2012, and 2018) of the Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey (N = 3,345) using structural equation models, this study compares the employment stability of women with and without working mothers during adolescence and examines how the influence of maternal employment on daughters’ employment stability varies with employment sector. Furthermore, a decomposition method is applied to determine the extent to which daughters’ education mediates the association between maternal employment and their employment stability. The results show that mothers’ employment is positively associated with their adult daughters’ employment stability. This intergenerational association is sector specific: mothers’ employment in a given sector only bolsters their daughters’ employment stability in the same sector. The daughter’s education mediates only a small portion of the intergenerational association in the public sector. The findings highlight the important role of Egypt’s institutional settings in configuring the intergenerational transmission of employment stability among women, and suggest that policies that support working mothers have the potential to bolster their daughters’ long-term labor market attachment.

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“…Despite gains in terms of protection and women's rights, gender imbalance in Tunisia still exists for household chores (Nazier & Ezzat, 2021) and integration into education (Harris & Koser, 2018). The position of Tunisian women in rural areas remains extremely problematic: 40% of women living in rural areas are illiterate while many rural women face numerous health problems due to a lack of access to free healthcare (Amroussia et al, 2016).…”

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways leading women in farming households to food security: an empirical study in Central Tunisia

Gaillard

Bosc

Elati

et al. 2022

Rev Agric Food Environ Stud

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This paper examines the complex relations between farm, household and individual characteristics with the food insecurity of women living in the rural area of Sidi Bouzid, cradle of the 2010 Jasmine Revolution in Tunisia. According to the Individual Food Insecurity Index and based on a survey of 290 women living in farming households, more than 40% of women in the area reported experiencing some form of food insecurity. The results of econometric models have highlighted that an increase in farm production is essential but will not allow women to sufficiently reduce the food insecurity risks they face. Women's individual factors, describing their labour and income, play a fundamental role in this process. Women working and earning an income from agriculture, on and off the family farm, were more often food insecure than other women. Generating non-agricultural income reduced their exposure to food insecurity. Moderate and severe insecurity risks were also reduced by household-level factors, such as access to off-farm income by family members other than women.

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Gender differences and time allocation: A comparative analysis of Egypt and Tunisia

Cited by 6 publications

References 67 publications

Differential Impact of Sharecropping on Time Allocation and Risk Transfer in Farming: An Islamic Economic Perspective

Differential Impact of Sharecropping on Time Allocation and Risk Transfer in Farming: An Islamic Economic Perspective

Maternal Employment Shapes Daughters’ Employment Stability in Egypt: Evidence for the Intergenerational Transmission of Labor Force Attachment

Pathways leading women in farming households to food security: an empirical study in Central Tunisia

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