Gender differences and age-related changes in body fat mass in Tibetan children and teenagers: an analysis by the bioelectrical impedance method

Zhang, Hailong; Fu, Qiang; Li, Wenhui; Liu, Suwei; Zhong, Hua; Duoji, Bai-Ma; Zhang, Meizhi; Lv, Po; Huang, Xi

doi:10.1515/jpem-2013-0503

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is consistent with the results of available research (McCarthy et al, 2006, Halasi et al, 2018Taylor et al, 1997;Chwałczyńska et al, 2018). Zhang et al (2015) analysed fatness in Tibetan children. They found that there were no differences between age groups until 11 years, but all fat indices were higher in girls than in boys (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Age and Sex-Related Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics and Body Composition in Primary School-Age Children

Vučković¹,

Ljubojević²,

Vukić³

et al. 2019

sgia

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This study addressed the assessment of anthropometric characteristics and body composition of primary school children. The study aimed to determine age and sex related differences in children aged 7 and 8 years, which could be used to assess the health status of children and to monitor the trend of their growth and development. The study included 1520 students (814 second-grade students and 706 third-grade students; 772 boys and 748 girls). The participants were measured for body height and weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat-free mass. The results indicated that there were significant differences between boys and girls in body height and weight, fat percentage, body mass index, and fat-free mass (p <.05), whereas there was no difference in fat mass. Apart from the fat percentage, there are significant differences between seven-and eight-year-old children in all other measured variables. The obtained values of anthropometric characteristics and body composition of children are in accordance with the world trends. The differences between the sexes and the generations of children that have been identified are probably due to genetic predisposition, but also to the conditions in which they grow up.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Age and Sex-Related Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics and Body Composition in Primary School-Age Children

Vučković¹,

Ljubojević²,

Vukić³

et al. 2019

sgia

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“…As a result, congenital heart disease, hypertension, and other diseases have high morbidity in Tibet and may be influenced by the extreme living environments [24]. The plateau environment not only impacts the human body but also lifestyles, and thus may also affect PA. Several studies have reported on the growth and development characteristics of children and adolescents in Tibet [25,26], as well as the related situations of eye diseases [24], rickets/Kaschin-Beck disease [27,28], and nutrition [29,30,31]. However, no study has examined PA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents at Altitudes over 3500 Meters: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tibet

Nie

Chao-qun

Sun

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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There is a scarcity of studies on the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents who live at high altitudes. This study aimed to objectively assess PA of children and adolescents living in the Tibet at altitudes over 3500 m and to examine its difference by ethnicity, gender, age/grade, and body weight status groups. A sample of 397 students aged 9–18 years were recruited from 7 schools in Lhasa, Tibet. PA was measured using accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was identified using the Evenson (2008) cut-points. Participant MVPA was 62.3 min/day, with 65.5 min/day during weekdays and 54.1 min/day on weekends. Indigenous Tibetans were more active than Hans, and boys had more MVPA than girls. Age had a significantly weak negative correlation with MVPA. There was no significant difference in MVPA between the non-overweight and overweight/obese groups. Overall, only 9.1% (13.8% in boys and 4.5% in girls) accumulated at least 60 min of MVPA per day. Compared to their counterparts in other regions, the daily MVPA of children and adolescents living on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes over 3500 m was relatively high. However, the proportion of meeting the WHO’s PA recommendations was extremely low.

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“…The modern Tibetan population is closest in terms of physical characteristics to the East Asian type of the Mongolian population 20 . There is a large body of literature on the anthropometry of Tibetan body characteristics 21,22 and composition 23,24 , but a smaller body of literature on Tibetan facial types. The aim of this study is to assess the morphological facial indices of the Tibetan population and to identify the different facial shapes and gender differences by measuring their facial indices, thereby providing basic data for research in the elds of physical anthropology, forensic medicine, maxillofacial surgery, and plastic surgery for this population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anthropometric study of the morphological facial index of Tibetan youth living in Tibet

Zhong

Qing-hua

Pema

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The purpose of this study was to understand gender differences and variations in facial indices among Tibetans and to create and evaluate anthropometric data on facial morphology. The study population consisted of 479 native Tibetans (242 males and 237 females) aged 18–24 years. The median facial width was 134.00 mm for males and 134.40 mm for females; the difference between the genders was not statistically significant. The median facial height was 108.00 mm for males and 115.00 mm for females; the difference between the genders was statistically significant (Z = 5.014, p = 0.000). The median morphological facial index was 80.29 for males and 85.83 for females; the difference between the genders was statistically significant (Z = 3.800, p = 0.000). The proportion of the Tibetan male facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (45.6%) > euryprosopic (31.1%) > mesoprosopic (18.7%) > leptoprosopic (3.3%) > hyperleptoprosopic (1.2%). The proportion of the Tibetan female facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (25.5%) > mesoprosopic (22.6%) > euryprosopic (21.7%) > leptoprosopic (17.4%) > hyperleptoprosopic (12.8%). Facial width was positively correlated with height (male r = 0.306, p = 0.000; female r = 0.144, p = 0.027), weight (r = 0.470, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.337, p = 0.000 for females), and BMI (r = 0.378, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.291, p = 0.000 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with height (r = 0.329, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.137, p = 0.035 for females) and weight (r = 0.391, p = 0.000 for males; r = 0.170, p = 0.009 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with BMI in Tibetan males (r = 0.293, p = 0.000), but no significant correlation was found in Tibetan females. The morphological facial index of Tibetans was positively correlated with age (r = 0.183, p = 0.004 for males; r = 0.171, p = 0.009 for females). The results indicated that Tibetan youth in Tibet have a predominantly hypereuryprosopic facial shape and that facial features are related to age, height, and weight. Some common facial morphology features exist among the Tibet Tibetans, northeastern Indians, and Nepalese in the three different regions of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The data from this study provide basic information for the study of Tibetans in the fields of physical anthropology, forensic medicine, maxillofacial surgery, and plastic surgery.

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Gender differences and age-related changes in body fat mass in Tibetan children and teenagers: an analysis by the bioelectrical impedance method

Abstract: The characteristics of fat in Tibetan children and teenagers in Tibet is related to age and gender related hormone secretion, which reflects the physiological characteristics in different developmental stages.

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Age and Sex-Related Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics and Body Composition in Primary School-Age Children

Age and Sex-Related Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics and Body Composition in Primary School-Age Children

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents at Altitudes over 3500 Meters: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tibet

An anthropometric study of the morphological facial index of Tibetan youth living in Tibet

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