Gender Difference in Renal Blood Flow Response to Angiotensin II Administration after Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats: The Role of AT2 Receptor

Abstract

Background. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is one of the major causes of kidney failure, and it may interact with renin angiotensin system while angiotensin II (Ang II) type 2 receptor (AT2R) expression is gender dependent. We examined the role of AT2R blockade on vascular response to Ang II after I/R in rats. Methods. Male and female rats were subjected to 30 min renal ischemia followed by reperfusion. Two groups of rats received either vehicle or AT2R antagonist, PD123319. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), and renal blood flow (RBF) responses were assessed during graded Ang II (100, 300, and 1000 ng/kg/min, i.v.) infusion at controlled renal perfusion pressure (RPP). Results. Vehicle or antagonist did not alter MAP, RPP, and RBF levels significantly; however, 30 min after reperfusion, RBF decreased insignificantly in female treated with PD123319 (P = 0.07). Ang II reduced RBF and increased renal vascular resistance (RVR) in a dose-related fashion (P dose < 0.0001), and PD123319 intensified the reduction of RBF response in female (P group < 0.005), but not in male rats. Conclusion. The impact of the AT2R on vascular responses to Ang II in renal I/R injury appears to be sexually dimorphic. PD123319 infusion promotes these hemodynamic responses in female more than in male rats.

Association between lifestyle, gender and risk for developing end-stage renal failure in IgA nephropathy: a case-control study within 10 years

“…There were numbers of experimental and clinical researches having investigated the differences of the disease developing mechanism in males and females. In terms of renal diseases, sexual dimorphism was observed in the impact of angiotensin II (AngII) type 2 receptor (AT2R) on vascular responses to AngII in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury [17]. The ovarian hormones were identified as protectors for programed accelerated renal aging [18].…”

miRNA and mRNA expression analysis reveals potential sex-biased miRNA expression

“…Recent studies suggest that proteomes may differ between males and females23, and sex differences may exist in mRNA4, miRNA expression567 and isomiR (miRNA variants) expression levels89. For example, AT2R can influence vascular responses with sexually dimorphic10, and some genes are influenced by androgens or estrogen1112. Moreover, the relationship between time and the RNA ratio is also affected by sex difference13.…”

Mas receptor antagonist (A799) alters the renal hemodynamics responses to angiotensin II administration after renal moderate ischemia/reperfusion in rats: gender related differences

“…Catheters also were implanted into the left carotid and femoral arteries attached to a pressure transducer and a bridge amplifier (Scientific Concepts, Vic., Melbourne, Australia) to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal perfusion pressure (RPP), respectively. The catheter in the femoral artery was inserted to reach the descending aorta, and pressure measurement at this point was considered as RPP (131415). The animals were placed in a lateral posture on a table equipped with heating lamp to maintain normal body temperature.…”

“…An adjustable clamp was placed around the abdominal aorta above renal arteries in order to induce renal moderate ischemia (renal hypo-perfusion) and also to adjust RPP in control levels during infusion of Ang II. Throughout the experiment the hemodynamic parameters were measured continually (131415).…”

“…In fact females are more resistant to I/R-induced kidney injury (12). On the other hand renin-angiotensin system (RAS) also plays an important role in kidney circulation and renal I/R injury, and this system also acts gender dependently (131415).…”