Gender difference in age-related changes in muscle  sympathetic nerve activity in healthy subjects

Matsukawa, Tetsuya; Sugiyama, Yoshiki; Watanabe, Takemasa; Kobayashi, Fumio; Mano, Tadaaki

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.5.r1600

Cited by 134 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, individual patients of the groups were Caucasians and were examined using the same protocol, under similar laboratory conditions, while avoiding the influence of age, dietary intake, body weight, large meal or visceral distension factors, which are known to affect sympathetic activity or its control. 14,15,17,19,[30][31][32][33][34] We also quantified the mean frequency of s-MSNA units and that of MSNA multiunits. The former was considered as an index of the mean frequency of efferent sympathetic nerve …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,14 On the other hand, previously reported findings in normotensive populations have not been consistent as to whether MSNA levels are different between men and women. Young women may have a lower [15][16][17][18][19] or similar 20,21 level of resting MSNA relative to young men. Also, older women may have a lower 15 or similar 17,19 level of resting MSNA relative to older men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of gender on the sympathetic nerve hyperactivity of essential hypertension

2006

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We planned to determine whether or not there is a difference in the level of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) between hypertensive women and hypertensive men. Sympathetic activation of essential hypertension (EHT) has been associated with increased cardiovascular events, which are known to be less likely to occur in women than in men. Normal women have been reported to have less sympathetic nerve activity than men, but no reported data are available regarding gender differences in sympathetic activity in hypertensive subjects. We examined 36 patients with untreated and uncomplicated EHT comprising 18 women and 18 men, and 36 normal controls comprising 18 women and 18 men. MSNA was quantified as the mean frequency of single units and as multiunit bursts using the technique of microneurography. The hypertensive groups had greater sympathetic nerve activity than the control groups. Female hypertensives had lower (Po0.001) single unit hyperactivity (5671.7 impulses/100 cardiac beats) than male hypertensives (7271.7 impulses/100 cardiac beats). Normotensive females had lower (Po0.01) single unit activity (4273.6 impulses/100 cardiac beats) than normotensive males (5674.6 impulses/100 cardiac beats). Similar results were obtained for the frequency of multiunit burst activity. Hypertension in women is associated with a lower level of central sympathetic hyperactivity than in men. It is suggested that this may at least partly explain the observed lower hypertension-related cardiovascular events in women than in men. In addition, the findings may have implications for gender-specific management of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of gender on the sympathetic nerve hyperactivity of essential hypertension

2006

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“…This may be due to other compensatory mechanisms, such as the baroreflex, that are activated in normotensive subjects, and prevent the degree of PEH from affecting orthostatic tolerance. Although there are reports of gender differences in blood pressure 17 and sympathetic nerve activity, 18 PEH appears to be unaffected by gender, since gender specific 19,20 and mixed gender studies 15,[21][22][23] have found similar degrees of hypotension. It also occurs independent of age, having been observed in young 24,25 middle aged 25 and older adults.…”

Section: Does Peh Occur In All Individuals?mentioning

confidence: 91%

Potential causes, mechanisms, and implications of post exercise hypotension

2002

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Post exercise hypotension (PEH) is a phenomenon of a prolonged decrease in resting blood pressure in the minutes and hours following acute exercise. Knowledge of PEH is potentially useful in designing first line strategies against hypertension as well as allowing a further understanding of blood pressure regulation in both Keywords: blood pressure; vascular; cardiac; opioids; exercise Blood pressure responses during exerciseDuring dynamic exercise, cardiac output increases dramatically to ensure adequate perfusion to the working musculature. This increase is achieved by a withdrawal of parasympathetic tone (causing an increased heart rate and contractility), an increase in sympathetic activity (directly and indirectly increasing heart rate and contractility) and pronounced vasoconstriction of the venous vasculature (causing a greater venous return and therefore stroke volume). In parallel, the need for increased blood flow and oxygen delivery to the exercising muscle is achieved through regional vasodilation of those arterioles supplying blood to the exercising tissue in combination with a vasoconstriction of arterioles, which perfuse non-essential tissues. Although the mechanism of vasodilation at the onset of exercise is not fully understood, many compounds (eg, potassium, adenosine, nitric oxide, etc) have been implicated in the exercise induced changes. Contraction of the active muscle mass also assists in returning blood towards the heart. This 'muscle pump' effect further increases venous return and stroke volume.Increased cardiac output and vasoconstriction in non-exercising vascular beds increases systolic blood pressure (SBP), but the significant vasodilation at the exercising muscle beds helps to buffer this increase and results in a minimal rise in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). As exercise continues Correspondence: JR MacDonald, McMaster University Medical Centre, Room 4U18, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada. E-mail: jaymacȰmcmaster.ca health and disease. Following a brief review of blood pressure responses to exercise, this paper will provide a current and comprehensive summary of PEH and integrate the current state of knowledge surrounding it.

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“…First, muscle sympathetic nerve activity to the leg increases to a greater extent with age in women than men. 21 Second, older women, but not men, exhibit blunted hyperaemic and vasodilator responses to graded leg exercise relative to their young counterparts. 22 Thus, our data are consistent with the growing notion of sex differences in cardiovascular system aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between ankle blood pressure and central arterial wave reflection

2010

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There is an increasing recognition that central aortic pressure is more relevant than brachial measure for the prediction and pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Central pressure is influenced by the phenomenon of arterial wave reflections returning from the peripheral vasculature, which can be quantified by augmentation index. Accordingly, the primary aim of this study was to determine the association between central augmentation index and arterial blood pressures (BPs), recorded in both the upper and lower limbs. A total of 833 apparently healthy adults of varying ages were studied. All of the BP (brachial and ankle, systolic, mean, diastolic and pulse) measurements were significantly associated with carotid augmentation index. Among them, ankle mean arterial pressure was the strongest correlate of carotid augmentation index (r ¼ 0.51, Po0.0001). This relation remained highly significant even after the influence of potential confounders was accounted for by the partial correlation analyses. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that ankle mean arterial pressure was the strongest independent predictor of carotid augmentation index. Ankle BP is strongly associated with the augmentation of central BP, and this relation is independent of other BP measures (brachial BP).

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Gender difference in age-related changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity in healthy subjects

Cited by 134 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of gender on the sympathetic nerve hyperactivity of essential hypertension

The effect of gender on the sympathetic nerve hyperactivity of essential hypertension

Potential causes, mechanisms, and implications of post exercise hypotension

Association between ankle blood pressure and central arterial wave reflection

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