Gender difference following high cholesterol diet induced renal injury and the protective role of rutin and ascorbic acid combination in Wistar albino rats

Abstract

BackgroundAn increased interest is given to the impact of high fat diet on health worldwide. Abnormalities in lipid metabolism induced by high cholesterol diet (HCD) were reported to exacerbate renal diseases via oxidative stress pathways. Rutin and ascorbic acid showed a protective role against oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Furthermore, both lipid metabolism and tissue response to oxidative stress damage was found to vary according to animal gender. Thus, the objective of this work was to examine possible gender-related differences and the possible protective effects of rutin and ascorbic acid supplementation on high cholesterol diet induced nephrotoxicity.Methods96 young male and female Wistar albino rats were used. HCD supplemented animals were treated with rutin alone or in combination with ascorbic acid for 6 weeks. Creatinine plasma level was estimated. Furthermore, kidney levels of nucleic acids, total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total cholesterol, and triglycerides were determined. Finally, kidney tissues were used for histopathological examination.ResultsHCD supplementation decreased kidney level of nucleic acids, which was more prominent in female animals. Both vitamin combination significantly attenuated HCD induced decrease in nucleic acids. Moreover, kidney level of MDA was significantly altered by HCD in both genders, which was inhibited by rutin and ascorbic acid alone or in combination in male groups and by both vitamins in female groups. There was a reduction in kidney level of GSH by HCD, especially in male groups, which was attenuated by rutin and ascorbic acid combination. Kidney levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly increased by HCD supplementation in both genders. Coadministration with rutin and/or ascorbic acid protected from such increase, which was more obvious in both vitamins combination. Histopathological investigation supported vitamins protective effect, which was more prominent in male vitamins combination group.ConclusionsHCD-induced renal injury in female was higher than in male animals, suggesting a better anti-oxidative stress defense response in male's kidney. Moreover, the antioxidant and reno-protective effects of rutin and ascorbic acid were augmented following their combination.

Protective effect of rutin on the antioxidant genes expression in hypercholestrolemic male Westar rat

“…Experimental diets were prepared in pellet form by adding 0.2% rutin (RT) [41] (power, sigma, USA) or 1% cholesterol + 0.5% cholic acid (HCD) [42] or 0.2% RT + 1% cholesterol + 0.5% cholic acid (RT+HCD) in rat chow powder. Rat chow was used as normal diets and was prepared weekly and shade dried.…”

Rutin and ascorbic acid cooperation in antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect on human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to UVA and UVB radiation

“…Moreover, rutin exerts cytoprotective effects on cells exposed to various types of radiation by substantially increasing their viability [79]. So far, the interaction of orally administered rutin with ascorbic acid has been demonstrated in terms of their antiinflammatory and vascular sealing actions [4,51]. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that rutin increases the organic reduction ability of ascorbic acid [2].…”

A High-Fat Diet Increases Oxidative Renal Injury and Protein Glycation in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats and Its Prevention by Korea Red Ginseng

“…d-Galactose has been used to induce oxidative stress in vivo to mimic the natural aging process in rats and mice (17)(18)(19)(20). In addition, a high-fat diet (HFD) was found to be a significant risk factor for kidney disease (21)(22)(23). HFD-induced obesity may expedite the aging process (24).…”