Gender determines the actions of adiponectin multimers on fetal growth and adiposity

Simón-Muela, Inmaculada; Näf, S; Ballesteros, Mónica; Vendrell, Joan; Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Victòria; López, Miriam de la Flor; Megía, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.045

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It has been widely demonstrated that pre and postpregnancy weight have a greater impact on neonatal adipokine distribution (24,25). On the other hand, our data are of particular interest with respect to a gender dimorphism and are in line with similar data in neonate cord blood (26), suggesting that prepregnancy and gestational weight could have a long-term impact on metabolic risk. The reason as to why the isoforms are gender dimorphic is yet to be determined and will likely assist in understanding the physiology of adipose tissue programing and the risk of metabolic diseases in offspring.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Adiponectin oligomers are similarly distributed in adequate-for-gestational-age obese children irrespective of feeding in their first year

et al. 2015

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Articles Translational Investigation nature publishing groupBackground: Nutrition and growth in early postnatal life have a role in future diseases. Our aim was to investigate adiponectin oligomers in adequate-for-gestational-age obese children with respect to type and duration of feeding in the first year of life. Methods: Adiponectin oligomers and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured in 113 adequate-for-gestational-age obese children, divided into group A (prolonged breast feeding, >6 mo), group B (short breast feeding, 1-6 mo), and group C (formula feeding from birth). results: All the parameters were similar among the groups. Adiponectin oligomers did not correlate with gestational age, months of breast feeding, and time of weaning. Total and high-molecular weight adiponectin were differently distributed across gender and pubertal stages (P < 0.02), being lower in males from the start of puberty. Prepregnancy BMI and at the end of the pregnancy were negatively associated (P < 0.04) with total and medium-molecular weight adiponectin in female and male offspring, respectively. conclusions: Adiponectin oligomers and metabolic characteristics are similarly distributed in adequate-for-gestationalage obese children, irrespective of the type and duration of the feeding in the first year of life. Gender and mother's BMI in pregnancy are contributors to adiponectin regulation. Further studies will explain whether breastfeeding protects against metabolic impairment later in life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Adiponectin oligomers are similarly distributed in adequate-for-gestational-age obese children irrespective of feeding in their first year

et al. 2015

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“…as well as genetics, may affect size and body composition of infant girls and boys differently has been presented in this thesis and in previous studies (20,33,(81)(82)(83). Hence, the investigation of potential sex differences may be considered in forthcoming studies.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Adjusting for additional potential confounders such as breast feeding, maternal educational attainment and age also yielded very similar results. Furthermore, sex-differences in offspring body composition in relation to maternal BMI (20), glycaemia (33,81,82) and infant genetics (83) have been reported. This provided motivation to investigate sex differences in relation to parental body composition, maternal glucose homeostasis variables and infant genetics.…”

Section: Considerations Concerning Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially important for infants, who grow very rapidly during the first weeks of life (44,80). Finally, several previous studies have investigated sex differences only by stratifying the results by sex (33,(81)(82)(83). In this thesis, sex interactions were statistically tested, which can be considered to be a more satisfactory way of identifying sex differences.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body composition of parents and their infants : methodological, anthropometric, metabolic and genetic studies

Henriksson¹

2015

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Body composition in infancy may be of importance for later health. In particular, infant body composition may be relevant regarding obesity risk in childhood. Recent advances in body composition methodology using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) have provided possibilities to accurately measure body composition of infants in a quick and non-invasive manner. The aims of this thesis were to study associations of parental body composition using ADP, glucose homeostasis during pregnancy and infant genetics with infant body composition also using ADP. When using ADP in adults, a correction for the thoracic gas volume (TGV) is needed and TGV can be predicted using equations developed in nonpregnant adults. Thus another aim was to study the validity of using such equations during pregnancy. Parent couples were invited to this study at a routine visit to a maternity clinic in Linköping between September 2008 and October 2010. When the mother was in gestational week 32, parental body composition using ADP and maternal glucose homeostasis variables were assessed. Size and body composition of healthy, singleton and full term (≥ 37 gestational weeks) infants were measured at 1 and 12 weeks of age and a total of 211 infants were included in the studies. Weight and length at 1 year of age were reported by parents. Saliva samples were collected from the infants to obtain DNA for genotyping of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. Body composition results calculated using measured and predicted TGV were compared in 27 women. Results showed that predicted TGV yields a very marginal overestimation (0.5 %) of fat mass (FM). Further, each kg increase in maternal and paternal fat-free mass (FFM) was associated with 15.6 g (P=0.001) and 9.1 g (P=0.007), respectively, more FFM in their 1-week old infants. FM of fathers was not related to infant FM. However, maternal FM was positively associated with FM of daughters (5.8 g/kg, P=0.007), but not of sons (P=0.79) at 1 week of age. Similarly, each standard deviation increase in maternal HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) was related to 52.7 more g of FM (P<0.001) in 1-weekold daughters, but no such relationship was found for sons (P=0.79). The number of risk alleles at the FTO locus rs9939609 was not associated with infant body mass index (BMI) or infant FM at 1 or 12 weeks of age. However, the number of risk alleles was positively associated (P≤0.033) with infant length at 1 and 12 weeks of age, and the results suggested that this association was stronger in boys than in girls. The results presented in this thesis show that: i) The use of predicted TGV when applying ADP in gestational week 32 overestimated % FM only slightly. ii) Associations between parental and infant body composition are present early in life. Thus, parental FFM was positively related to FFM in 1-week-old infants. Furthermore, maternal FM and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were positively related to FM of 1-week-old daughters, but no such relationships were observed for sons. ii...

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“…Because preconception weight is correlated with infant birth weight, the gravid dams’ larger size may have enabled female fetuses to maximize growth during or after the period of early gestational stress. There is also precedent in humans for sex-specific responses to pregravid maternal weight as well as to adiponectin and insulin levels in the third trimester [26]. Other experiments suggest a female fetus may adapt more readily to intrauterine adversity through modifications of placental gene and protein expression [20,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational Timing of Prenatal Disturbance and Fetal Sex Determine the Developmental Outcomes

Rendina¹,

Lubach²,

Coe³

2016

Neonatology

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Background: Maternal stress during pregnancy can have deleterious consequences, increasing risk for prematurity and low birth weight, as well as postnatal effects on emotional regulation and neuromotor development. It is less clear, however, whether moderate and brief gestational disturbances have similar effects. Objective: To determine the impact of a delimited period of moderate maternal stress on infant growth, emotional reactivity, and neurobehavioral maturity in a nonhuman primate model. Methods: Eighty-three infant rhesus monkeys were generated from disturbed pregnancies, either early or late gestation, and compared with 51 undisturbed infants. Maternal stress was induced with an acoustical startle protocol for 25% of gestation. Infant weights, anthropometrics, and neurobehavioral data were obtained. Analyses focused on differential effects of prenatal stress on male and female infants. Results: The disturbance manipulation elevated cortisol levels acutely in the gravid females and they gained less weight by term. Nevertheless, female infants from the early stress condition were significantly larger at birth. This differential growth trajectory was then sustained through 6 months of age. Infants from stress conditions were more emotionally reactive and evinced immature neuromotor reflexes, especially when gestated by late stress mothers. Conclusions: Even moderate maternal disturbance impacted infant temperament and neuromotor development in this nonhuman primate model. Effects on fetal and infant growth differed from typical reports of growth inhibition, both in other animal species and human studies. The findings convey the importance of considering the duration and severity of prenatal insults, and the potential for fetal plasticity and recovery, permitting compensatory growth responses.

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Gender determines the actions of adiponectin multimers on fetal growth and adiposity

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Adiponectin oligomers are similarly distributed in adequate-for-gestational-age obese children irrespective of feeding in their first year

Adiponectin oligomers are similarly distributed in adequate-for-gestational-age obese children irrespective of feeding in their first year

Body composition of parents and their infants : methodological, anthropometric, metabolic and genetic studies

Gestational Timing of Prenatal Disturbance and Fetal Sex Determine the Developmental Outcomes

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