Gender determination using mandibular ramus and gonial angle on OPG

Mehta, Heena; Bhuvaneshwari, S; Singh, Mohit Pal; Nahar, Prashant; Mehta, Kanishk; Sharma, Teenu

doi:10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_169_19

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Except for the mandibular angle, all measurements were found to be greater in males. These findings are consistent with those observed in other populations, such as Israeli (Tunis et al, 2017), Indians (Belaldavar et al, 2019;Upadhyay et al, 2012;Mehta et al, 2020), Chinese (Dong et al, 2015), Koreans (Lin et al, 2014), and European descendants (İlgüy et al, 2014). The fact that the chewing musculature is naturally stronger in males than females may explain the sex-related differences observed in mandibular measurements.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Análises quantitativas em mandíbulas para estimativa do sexo

Bento¹,

Crosato²,

Santiago³

et al. 2021

RSD

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Objetivou-se investigar a aplicabilidade de medidas mandibulares para estimativa do sexo em crânios secos humanos de duas coleções osteológicas brasileiras. Este foi um estudo do tipo diagnóstico, cego, com 471 mandíbulas de 215 mulheres e 256 homens. As variáveis consideradas foram: largura bigonial; largura bicondilar; largura do processo condilar direito/esquerdo; largura do coronóide; distância entre os forames mandibulares; distância entre os forames mentais; distância entre os forames espinhais geniais e os forames mandibulares direito/esquerdo; altura do processo coronóide direito e esquerdo; altura do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; espessura mandibular direita/esquerda; espessura mandibular anterior; largura máxima do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; largura mínima do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; comprimento mandibular; e o ângulo mandibular. A análise discriminante foi realizada para verificar as associações em relação ao sexo, tanto para as medidas individuais quanto para o total. A análise estatística indicou que todas as variáveis apresentaram associação significativa com o sexo. Quando aplicado a homens e mulheres, o método stepwise classificou corretamente 77,50% e 80,20% dos casos, respectivamente, com percentual total de concordância de 78,70%. A altura do ramo mandibular esquerdo (74,80%) e a largura bigonial (77,60%) foram as variáveis com maiores taxas de concordância entre homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Equações foram geradas a partir da análise discriminante para cada variável e uma fórmula única para as seis variáveis que apresentaram maior preferência por sexo. Todas as medidas mandibulares foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os sexos, sugerindo que a mandíbula desempenha um papel importante na antropologia forense como fonte de informação quantitativa para estimativa do sexo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Análises quantitativas em mandíbulas para estimativa do sexo

Bento¹,

Crosato²,

Santiago³

et al. 2021

RSD

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“…In cases of accidental injuries, the mandible can survive in a well-conserved state for much longer than any other bone. Hence, it is considered one of the strongest bones in the human skeleton and can be used for antemortem and postmortem forensic analysis [6,14]. In this study, a total of seven measurements (in mm), namely, the maximum and minimum width of the ramus; maximum height of condyle, ramus, and coronoid; gonial angle; and bigonial width revealed statistically significant differences between the two genders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Mandibular Ramus: An Indicator for Gender Determination

Karmarkar¹,

Mhapuskar²,

Hiremutt³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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BackgroundThe goal of this study is to use digital orthopantomographs (OPGs) to find out the role the mandibular ramus plays in figuring out a person's gender. MethodologySix hundred digital OPGs of patients, aged 21 to 50 years of either gender, fulfilling the exclusion and inclusion criteria, were randomly selected from the department archives exclusively for this digital retrospective study. All the scans were anonymized before the analysis. A total of seven measurements (in mm) were performed on OPGs, namely, minimum and maximum widths of the ramus, minimum and maximum condylar heights, maximum height of the ramus and coronoid, gonial angle bilaterally, and bigonial width. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), by a stepwise discriminant functional analysis for gender determination. ResultsLinear measurements, including maximum and minimum widths of the ramus, maximum height of the condyle, height of the ramus, and coronoid and bigonial width, revealed more values in males than in females. However, the gonial angle showed higher average values in females than in males. Moreover, all seven parameters showed statistically insignificant age-related changes. ConclusionsThe mandibular ramus showed high sexual dimorphism, and its analysis on OPG can be a valuable aid in the determination of gender in the fields of forensic odontology and anthropology.

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“…However, the model cannot be used for age estimation (Figure 3 a and b) which is consensus with other similar studies by Mehta et al and Shah PH et al in 2020. [7,8,13] Figure 3: The comparison of various mandibular ramus combined (right and left sided) measurements between male and female subjects studied (Overall age group)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandibular ramus: An indicator for gender determination

Karmarkar

Mhapuskar

Hiremutt

et al. 2022

ijhs

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The results of present study proved that the mandibular ramus plays an important role in sex determination due to its unique high sexual dimorphism, so does the gonial angle, which is linear to studies done previously with a smaller sample size. [8, 9, 13] The mandible also possesses resistance to damage and disintegration process. Hence, we conclude that the use of mandibular ramus and gonial angle is recommended as an aid for gender determination in forensic anthropology.

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Gender determination using mandibular ramus and gonial angle on OPG

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Análises quantitativas em mandíbulas para estimativa do sexo

Análises quantitativas em mandíbulas para estimativa do sexo

Mandibular Ramus: An Indicator for Gender Determination

Mandibular ramus: An indicator for gender determination

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