Gender, BMI, and Personality as Predictors of Self-Assessed Attractiveness and Intelligence

Furnham, Adrian

doi:10.4236/psych.2017.814147

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…In this respect, sex differences in mating preferences have been the focus of many large-scale studies (e.g., Bech-Sørensen & Pollet, 2016 ; Buss, 1989 ; Eastwick & Finkel, 2008 ). Across cultures, sex differences have been reported to varied extent; however, a broadly accepted difference is that men tend to value physical characteristics such as bodily attractiveness (which is related to health and fertility; e.g., Furnham & Tsoi, 2012 ) while women are more inclined to select mates who have good earning ability (which is related to providing a better condition for future offspring; e.g., Frederick, Reynolds, & Fisher, 2013 ). Such fundamental differences in choosing a mate have been replicated across various cultures and different methodologies ( Buss & Angleitner, 1989 ; Buss, Shackelford, Kirkpatrick, & Larsen, 2001 ; Furnham, 2009 ; Li, Valentine, & Patel, 2011 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Long-Term Mate Preferences in Iran

Atari

2017

Evol Psychol

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Previous research suggests that assessment of mate preferences has received relatively little psychometric attention from researchers, particularly in non-Western cultures. The current research was designed to (1) extend previous findings on long-term mate preferences by using a qualitative strategy, (2) develop a psychometrically sound scale for assessment of long-term mate preferences in men, and (3) develop a sex-neutral scale for assessment of long-term mate preferences. Six dimensions of mate preferences emerged for men: F = family/domesticity, A = attractiveness/sexuality, K = kindness/dependability, E = education/intelligence, R = religiosity/chastity, and S = status/resources. These male-specific dimensions of mate preferences showed satisfactory concurrent and convergent validity as well as high internal consistency coefficients. We mixed the female- and male-specific measures of mate preferences and arrived at 20 characteristics without culture- or sex-specific content. We further hypothesized that the 20-item scale of mate preferences would have a five-factor structure (i.e., kindness/dependability, attractiveness/sexuality, status/resources, education/intelligence, religiosity/chastity [KASER]) in men and women and that this model would replicate sex differences cited in the evolutionary psychological literature. Measurement invariance was evidenced across sexes and sex differences accorded with those in the literature. Therefore, the five-factor model of long-term mate preferences (i.e., KASER model) as measured by the Iranian Mate Preferences Scale-20 may be used to evaluate long-term mate preferences in men and women in Iran. Limitations are noted and future directions are discussed in the light of evolutionary perspective on human mating psychology.

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Long-Term Mate Preferences in Iran

Atari

2017

Evol Psychol

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“…BMI and perceived attractiveness were correlated. The findings revealed that those who had a lower BMI generally thought themselves to be more physically beautiful [91]. In contrast, a different study [92] demonstrates that in contemporary society, the pressure from social stereotypes regarding physical attractiveness is nearly equal for men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The Importance of Gender in Body Mass Index, Age, and Body Self-Perception of University Students in Spain

et al. 2023

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Body image is a fundamental factor that influences a person’s self-image throughout life and at all stages of life. Self-perception of body image and body mass index may be related, as the way a person views him or herself can influence their eating behavior and level of physical activity, which in turn can affect their weight and BMI. The aim of this study is to find the association between body mass index, age, and body self-perception of university students, analyzing possible differences according to the gender of the students. In total, 312 students answered five sociodemographic questions in addition to the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire, which consists of 45 questions grouped into four dimensions. Spearman’s Rho test was used to analyze the association between each of the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) factors and body mass index (BMI). Statistical differences were found in dimension 3 (p < 0.01) of the MBSRQ questionnaire with respect to BMI in both sexes, and in dimension 1 (p < 0.01), a significant difference was found in female students. With the male gender, significant differences were found between age and BMI (0.04). Consequently, the sex to which the student belongs conditions his or her BMI with the self-perceived body image, so lines of action should be developed to improve self-image.

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“…People tend to limit themselves to exercises that feel safe, that they are comfortable performing, and that are within their capability levels [ 33 ]. The BIG 5 personality traits—agreeableness, extroversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness—can influence exercise choices [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Previous studies mentioned mixed results between personality traits and sports preferences, but it is generally agreed that personality impacts behavior and experiences during leisure activities [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Differences in Personality Traits, Self-Esteem, Eating Attitudes, and Body Image among Participants in Indoor and Outdoor Fitness Activities

Tsartsapakis,

Chalatzoglidis,

Zafeiroudi

2023

Healthcare

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Physical activity environments influence physical condition, nutrition, individual and social behaviors, and emotional well-being. The aim of the study was to investigate differences in eating attitudes, self-esteem, personality traits, and body image among participants in indoor and outdoor leisure-time fitness programs. Participants included 1747 adults (882 men and 865 women) aged 34 ± 9.2 years, divided into experimental and control groups. All participants completed the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26), the Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Traits Personality Questionnaire 5 (TPQue5), and the Appearance Scales of the Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS). The results revealed statistically significant differences between groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed noteworthy variations in personality trait scores between the groups (neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness) as well as body image factors (self-esteem and eating attitudes). Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between gender and participation in different types of exercise. Females had lower self-esteem and body area satisfaction scores but higher eating disorder proneness, neuroticism, appearance evaluation, and overweight preoccupation scores than males. These findings add to the current literature focusing on the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms associated with physical activity and exercise environments. The findings provide an effective supplement to promote public health-focused fitness programs and leisure-time physical activity motivation strategies.

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Gender, BMI, and Personality as Predictors of Self-Assessed Attractiveness and Intelligence

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of Long-Term Mate Preferences in Iran

Assessment of Long-Term Mate Preferences in Iran

The Importance of Gender in Body Mass Index, Age, and Body Self-Perception of University Students in Spain

Investigating Differences in Personality Traits, Self-Esteem, Eating Attitudes, and Body Image among Participants in Indoor and Outdoor Fitness Activities

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