Gender and White-Collar Crime: Convenience in Target Selection

Asting

2020

Deviant Behavior

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The objective of this article is to present a study of two observers turning into whistleblowers through stages of crime signal detection, registration, interpretation, reception, and knowledge. The study applies signal detection theory emphasizing signal alertness, signal reflection, pattern recognition, and personal knowledge. The research method applied is personal interviews with the whistleblowers who noticed deviant behavior, one of which blew the whistle on corruption that later led to the incarceration of several corporate executives. Results indicate that the whistleblowers became more certain of their information as they could discuss their observations with others. An important human factor in whistleblowing is thus the ability to discuss initial observations with people that one can trust, which can lead to documented allegations against suspected individuals. The case studies illustrate experience from troublesome whistleblowing on top executives, where the second whistleblower was less successful.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Signal Detection Theory: Two Case Studies of the Five-Stage Model from Observer to Whistleblower

Asting

2020

Deviant Behavior

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“…This article challenges traditional thinking that it is mainly lack of motive, lack of opportunity, and lack of willingness that explain the registered gender gap in financial crime by elite members in society. Given the assumed and estimated substantial gap in detection rate (Dearden and Gottschalk 2020;Gottschalk 2019;Gottschalk and Gunnesdal 2018), this article suggests some special convenience themes that are in favor of pink-collar offenders. However, to balance this article, there are obviously strong forces that keep female offending below male offending.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…What are special elements of female willingness? To answer these questions, this article applies the theory of convenience for white-collar crime (Braaten and Vaughn 2019;Dearden and Gottschalk 2020;Gottschalk 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and Crime: Convenience for Pink-Collar Offenders

2020

Deviant Behavior

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Traditionally, research on the gender fraction of women in white-collar crime has focused on female lack of financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness for deviant behavior. This article applies the opposite perspective of traditional gender research on white-collar crime in terms of special female motive, opportunity, and willingness. This article challenges prior research regarding female involvement in white-collar crime. Based on the theory of convenience, this article identifies convenience themes that are gender-specific in favor of pink-collar offenders. In the motive dimension of convenience theory, we find concern for others and strain causing depression and anxiety. In the opportunity dimension, we find that women have the advantage of facing suspicion of misconduct, wrongdoing, and crime to a far lesser extent compared to men. In the willingness dimension, we find that women as followers can justify their actions and neutralize their potential guilt feelings far better than men in the role of leaders in crime can neutralize what they have done.

“…The theory of convenience suggests that corruption and other forms of FC can be triggered by a motive of possibilities or threats and can be conveniently committed and concealed in a professional setting by individuals who demonstrate willingness for deviant behavior. The theory was introduced a few years ago by and has since been given favorable reviews (e.g., Hansen, 2020;Oka, 2021;Vasiu and Podgor, 2019) and has been applied by a number of scholars (e.g., Braaten and Vaughn, 2019;Dearden and Gottschalk, 2020;Desmond et al, 2022;Qu, 2021;.…”

Section: Theory Of Conveniencementioning

confidence: 99%

To What Extent Is White-Collar Crime Understandable? An Empirical Study of Determinants Based on the Theory of Convenience

Gupta

2022

Crime & Delinquency

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White-collar crimes (WCC) or financial crimes (FC) are the crimes that are linked with the top-level management representatives who are responsible to make the right decisions for the better functioning of the organization, these individuals are highly respectable as they hold a position of high repute. However, when the same individuals either under the pressure of performance or personal issues misuse the power and control vested on them due to the position they hold in the organization, take certain decisions which lead the organization into jeopardy. These individuals not only put the hard-earned money of the investors on stake but also enjoy the best of the facilities on the basis of their position. In the said article the authors have tried to answer two major questions regarding the abuse of position and manipulation of the financial statements at the struggling phase of the firm. The base of the study is convenience theory which was used to understand the concept of convenience theory for which a questionnaire based on 7-point Likert scale was used in which responses of 230 MBA students were studied. The results were near to what were expected supporting the fact that individuals are misusing their position to commit WCC, supporting the concept of convenience theory being used in the study.