Gender and the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Diseases: The Role of Steroid Sex Hormones in the Development

El-Tawil, AM

doi:10.4172/2157-7536.1000e101

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Worrisome, however, is the significant reduction in gastric mucus production observed in the present study. Hence, the findings on the effect of testosterone in this study further support the hypothesis by El-Tawil [39] that sex hormones may act through potentiating the effect of other cofactors in inducing or modulating pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorder. Estrogens have been shown to inhibit gastric acid secretion in female human and animal studies [40][41][42][43][44]; the finding of this study on the effect of testosterone on gastric acidity showed that testosterone may neutralise gastric acidity induced by indomethacin, at least in female rat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Protective Effect of Testosterone on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Akpamu

Otamere

Ernest-Nwoke

et al. 2016

Advances in Endocrinology

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Gastric ulcer has shown association with changes in sex hormones, with impact exacerbated in males. Also, males are known to be more exposed to ulcer risk factors. This study investigates the effect of testosterone on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in adult female rats. Eighteen female rats (225 ± 25 g body weight) were randomly assigned to 3 groups under standard laboratory condition. After acclimatization, animals fasted for 40 hrs but were given waterad libitum. Group A served as control while group B served as the ulcer control, in which ulcer was induced without treatment using indomethacin (40 mg/kg single orally dose). Group C was pretreated with testosterone (1 mg/kg IM) eight hours before ulcer induction. Eight hours after ulcer induction, animals were sacrificed and the stomach was harvested for analysis. Results showed a significant reduction in mucus content in groups C (0.79±0.11 g) and B (0.87±0.02 g) compared to A (1.11±0.03 g). Gastric mucus pH was significantly acidic in group B (4.40±0.55) compared to C (5.20±0.45) and A (5.80±0.45). There was a significantly higher ulcer index in group B (4.60±0.55 mm) compared to C (3.60±0.89 mm) and testosterone pretreatment resulted in a 21.74% ulcer inhibition. Although weak, the findings suggest that testosterone might protect the gastric mucosa against NSAIDs in females.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Protective Effect of Testosterone on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Akpamu

Otamere

Ernest-Nwoke

et al. 2016

Advances in Endocrinology

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“…13,18,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Cinsiyetler arası bu farklılığı net olarak açıklayan bir araştırma olmamakla birlikte, kız öğrencilerde konstipasyon şikâyetinin daha fazla olması, menstrüel siklusun luteal fazında salgılanan progesteronun hormonunun bağırsak hareketlerinde yavaşlamaya neden olmasından kaynaklanmış olabileceğini söyleyebiliriz. [27][28][29] Ancak bir çalışmaya göre kadın ve erkeklerin KCÖ puanları arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı belirtilmiştir. 30 Yetersiz sıvı alımı, konstipasyon için bir risk faktörü olarak tanımlanmaktadır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Evaluation of Constipation and Affecting Factors in Nursing Students: Cross-Sectional Study

Karazeybek¹,

IŞIK²,

Sözer³

2022

Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci

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Konstipasyon, dışkılamadaki zorluğu ifade eden seyrek bağırsak hareketleri, sert veya topaklı dışkılama, aşırı ıkınma, yetersiz dışkılama veya tıkanma hissi gibi semptomları tanımlamak için kullanılır. 1 Konstipasyon, genellikle haftada 3'ten az bağırsak boşaltımı olarak tanımlanan, dışkılama sayısı ve miktarının az olmasıyla karakterize ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde büyük etkisi olan önemli bir sağlık problemidir. 2,3 Konstipasyon bir hastalık değil, kişiden kişiye farklı şekillerde yorumlanan bir semptomdur. Günde 3 veya 3 günde 1 arasında değişen dışkılama sayısı normal kabul edilirken, genel olarak haftada 2 veya daha az sayıda dışkılama alışkanlığı konstipasyon olarak tarif edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte sayı-

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“…Cryptosporidiosis: Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrheal disease caused by microscopic parasites, Cryptosporidium, that can live in the intestine [38] of humans and animals and is passed in the stool of an infected person or animal [39]. This is a parasite [40] that can cause chronic diarrhea.…”

Section: Opportunistic Infections Of Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of AIDS Related Opportunistic Infections and Their Effects on Human Body

Jeevani¹

2013

J AIDS Clin Res

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HIV viruses have long term effects for the immune systems and further develop a number of varied illnesses such as fever, diarrhea, tuberculosis, pneumonia and skin infections. This condition is termed as AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Once the immune system is sufficiently weakened, such infections will develop and produce any of a wide range of symptoms. Some can be very severe some may lead to various cancers. There is no exact prediction for these symptoms. HIV testing is the only source to diagnose. The most difficult aspect of HIV/ AIDS is that though there are medicines, which can help with these illnesses but there is no vaccine and no cure for the HIV, so almost all the infected people become more and more ill and eventually die. It is important for every individual to know and understand about this infection. J o ur nal o f A ID S & Cli n ic a l R es earc h

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Gender and the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Diseases: The Role of Steroid Sex Hormones in the Development

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

The Protective Effect of Testosterone on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

The Protective Effect of Testosterone on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Evaluation of Constipation and Affecting Factors in Nursing Students: Cross-Sectional Study

Symptoms of AIDS Related Opportunistic Infections and Their Effects on Human Body

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