Gender and psychiatric disorders in children with epilepsy. A meta-analysis

Lax-Pericall, Maria Teresa; Bird, Victoria; Taylor, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.02.014

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This is in line with previous studies reporting that females with ASD tend to be more severely mentally disabled [12]. Nonetheless our findings are consistent with a recent meta-analysis by Lax-Pericall, Bird [40], which suggests that females may have a greater likelihood of shared ASD-epilepsy pathogenesis than males. Further, ID is also highly co-morbid with both ASD [41] and epilepsy [42], and ID is associated with an increased risk for both epilepsy and ASD.…”

Section: Summary Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 93%

The association between early childhood onset epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 3237 children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a historical longitudinal cohort data linkage study

Carson

Parlatini

Safa

et al. 2022

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Children and young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have an increased risk of comorbidities, such as epilepsy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about the relationship between early childhood epilepsy (below age 7) and later ADHD diagnosis (at age 7 or above) in ASD. In this historical cohort study, we examined this relationship using an innovative data source, which included linked data from routinely collected acute hospital paediatric records and childhood community and inpatient psychiatric records. In a large sample of children and young people with ASD (N = 3237), we conducted a longitudinal analysis to examine early childhood epilepsy as a risk factor for ADHD diagnosis while adjusting for potential confounders, including socio-demographic characteristics, intellectual disability, family history of epilepsy and associated physical conditions. We found that ASD children and young people diagnosed with early childhood epilepsy had nearly a twofold increase in risk of developing ADHD later in life, an association which persisted after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR = 1.72, CI95% = 1.13–2.62). This study suggests that sensitive monitoring of ADHD symptoms in children with ASD who have a history of childhood epilepsy may be important to promote early detection and treatment. It also highlights how linked electronic health records can be used to examine potential risk factors over time for multimorbidity in neurodevelopmental conditions.

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Section: Summary Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 93%

The association between early childhood onset epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 3237 children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a historical longitudinal cohort data linkage study

Carson

Parlatini

Safa

et al. 2022

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…This gender difference in ASD, but at a lower ratio, is previously well described in both epilepsy (RR 1.67:1) 36 and nonepilepsy cohorts (odds ratio [OR] 3:1) 37 . How much of this difference between genders and between epilepsy and nonepilepsy cohorts is explained by true prevalence differences due to biological factors or differences in diagnostics is a matter of debate 36,37 . Although a small sample, our study suggests that the autism/ASD gender difference could be larger in early onset epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…37 How much of this difference between genders and between epilepsy and nonepilepsy cohorts is explained by true prevalence differences due to biological factors or differences in diagnostics is a matter of debate. 36,37 Although a small sample, our study suggests that the autism/ASD gender difference…”

Section: Predictors Of Outcomementioning

confidence: 65%

“…Male sex showed a strong overrepresentation among cases being diagnosed with ASD (12/13 cases, 92%; relative risk [RR] 11.59, 95% CI 2.40–207.70) but was not included in the multivariable analysis due to a small case number. This gender difference in ASD, but at a lower ratio, is previously well described in both epilepsy (RR 1.67:1) 36 and nonepilepsy cohorts (odds ratio [OR] 3:1) 37 . How much of this difference between genders and between epilepsy and nonepilepsy cohorts is explained by true prevalence differences due to biological factors or differences in diagnostics is a matter of debate 36,37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Outcome at age 7 of epilepsy presenting in the first 2 years of life. A population‐based study

et al. 2022

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Objective Existing data suggest that epilepsy presenting in the first few years of life carries a worse prognosis than later onset. However, studies are few and methods differ, making interpretations of data uncertain. This study analyzes outcome at age 7 and potential prognostic factors in a well‐characterized population‐based cohort with epilepsy onset during the first 2 years of life. Methods An incidence cohort of 116 prospectively identified cases of epilepsy with seizure onset before age 2 years was described in Stödberg et al. (2020). Cases were originally retrieved from the Stockholm Incidence Registry of Epilepsy (SIRE), which registered all cases with a first unprovoked epileptic seizure from September 1, 2001, in Northern Stockholm. Data on treatment and outcome at age 7 years were collected from electronic medical records and through interviews with parents. Outcome and potential prognostic factors were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multivariable log binomial regression analysis. Results Eleven children (9.5%) died before age 7. Polytherapy was common. Epilepsy surgery was performed in two children. At age 7 years, 61 of 116 children (53%) had been seizure‐free for the last 2 years or longer. Intellectual disability was diagnosed in 57 of 116 children (49%), autism spectrum disorder in 13 (11%), and cerebral palsy in 28 (24%). West syndrome had a similar seizure remission rate but a worse cognitive outcome. There was no difference in outcome between first and second year onset. Six predictors, including etiology, remained associated with two or more outcome variables after regression analysis. Significance About half of children with infantile‐onset epilepsy will become seizure‐free and half of them will have intellectual disability. Etiology was confirmed as a major independent predictor of outcome. Our study contributes to a more firm knowledge base when counseling parents of infants diagnosed with epilepsy.

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“…Complicated epilepsies were associated with higher comorbidity, but uncomplicated cases also had substantial comorbid conditions 2 . Studies evaluating the presence of psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents with epilepsy tend to exclude samples indicated for surgery 3 , which was not the case of our work here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

High prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents at a tertiary epilepsy center

Serra-Pinheiro

D’Andrea-Meira

Angelim

et al. 2021

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Background: Epilepsy is highly comorbid with psychiatric disorders and a significant amount of the morbidity related to epilepsy is in fact a result of psychiatric comorbidities. Objective: To investigate the frequency of different psychiatric comorbidities in children with refractory epilepsy. Methods: We present preliminary observational data from a series of patients (n=82) examined in the psychiatric branch of a tertiary epilepsy center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Patients were classified as presenting autism spectrum disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, disruptive disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), intellectual development disorder, psychotic episode, dissociative/conversive disorders or others. We determined the frequency of each disorder, along with demographic data, medications prescribed, electroencephalogram findings and additional medical examinations and consultations. Results: The most common comorbidities in our sample were autism spectrum disorders and ADHD. Antipsychotics and selective serotonin uptake inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed psychiatric medications. Conclusions: Knowledge about the prevalence of such comorbidities may provide more targeted interventions in Psychiatry and Psychology services linked to epilepsy centers.

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Gender and psychiatric disorders in children with epilepsy. A meta-analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

The association between early childhood onset epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 3237 children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a historical longitudinal cohort data linkage study

The association between early childhood onset epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 3237 children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a historical longitudinal cohort data linkage study

Outcome at age 7 of epilepsy presenting in the first 2 years of life. A population‐based study

High prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents at a tertiary epilepsy center

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