Gender and Family Planning Among Indigenous Women in Mexico and Central America: A Call to Action

Levy, Jessica K.; Goold, Audrey; Houston, April; Ríos-Zertuche, Diego; Munar, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71538-4_6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Rejection of this cultural gender role may be especially likely among women who experience this role as stifling (e.g., limiting their career aspirations or relationship satisfaction; Gil & Vazquez, 1996), incompatible to how they perceive aspects of their own identity (e.g., sexual orientation/gender expression; Espin, 2018), or have certain demographic characteristics that may make them privier to the negative implications of this role (e.g., high level of education; Siorida, 2016). Moreover, various ethnicities are represented among Latina women, including indigenous women, and these differences may shape how women orient toward marianismo (e.g., Levy et al, 2018). Capturing the nuance of marianismo and examining its impact on Latina women’s perceptions of discrimination and mental health outcomes is one of the aims of this study.…”

Section: Discrimination and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of marianismo on the association between intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms among latina women: A profile analysis.

Jones¹,

Briones²

2022

Journal of Latinx Psychology

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Experiences of discrimination have a negative impact on Latinx mental health. However, less is known about the experiences of Latina women, who at the intersection of their marginalized ethnicity and gender, may be at more risk for negative outcomes as a result of discrimination. The present study examined the association between experiences of intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms among Latina women, and considered how marianismo, a cultural gender role expectation of Latina women (Castillo et al., 2010), may moderate this association. Data from 273 Latina women (M age = 31.58, SD = 14.18 years; 85% U.S. born) were collected via an online survey, assessing intersectional discrimination, depressive symptoms, and marianismo. Bivariate correlations revealed a direct association between intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms. Then through a cluster analysis of the components of marianismo (family pillar, virtuous and chaste, spiritual pillar, subordinate to others, and selfsilencing to maintain harmony), five profiles of marianismo were identified (i.e., Contemporary Feminist, Conflicted Marianismo, Traditional Marianismo, Adapted Marianismo, and Distressed Marianismo), two of which moderated the association between discrimination and depressive symptoms. The effect of discrimination on depressive symptoms was found to be weakest for women profiled as Contemporary Femininity and strongest for Distressed Marianismo. Findings illustrate the negative impact of intersectional discrimination on Latina women's mental health and suggests how one perceives their intersected ethnicity and gender may influence this association. Implications related to research, practice, and social justice relevant to Latina women are discussed. Public Significance StatementExperiences of discrimination have a negative impact on Latinx mental health, and especially Latina women because of the intersection of their marginalized ethnicity and gender. Our study shows that the association between intersectional discrimination and negative mental health outcomes is influenced by Latina women's perception of traditional gender roles, and specifically marianismo. Findings illustrate the negative impact of intersectional discrimination on Latina women's mental health and suggests the various ways one may perceive their intersected ethnicity and gender may influence this association.

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Section: Discrimination and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of marianismo on the association between intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms among latina women: A profile analysis.

Jones¹,

Briones²

2022

Journal of Latinx Psychology

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“…Belonging to an indigenous or Afro-descendant community is associated with wifedominant decision-making for large household purchases and income expenditures. Meentzen in Levy, Goold, Houston, Rios-Zertuche, and Munar (2018) reported that in indigenous communities of Mexico and Central America, each partner is responsible for making decisions in the areas assigned to them, and women are usually responsible for managing scarce resources.…”

Section: Determinants Of Women's Participation In Household Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incomes, employment and gender roles: understanding women's intrahousehold decision-making participation in Nicaragua

Gómez-Valle

Holvoet

2022

FREP

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PurposeThis paper explores the relationship between married women's intrahousehold decision-making participation and marital gender roles, next to factors suggested in the household bargaining literature. Additionally, the authors investigate whether women's employment carries the same importance for decision-making participation as contributions to household incomes.Design/methodology/approachUsing 2011/2012 Nicaraguan Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), the authors estimate multinomial logistic regressions for eight decision-making domains, analyzing three levels of decision-making: wife-dominant or sole decisions, joint decision-making (with the partner) and decision-making by someone else. The authors create an additive index for measuring internalized marital gender roles.FindingsWomen's intrahousehold decision-making participation is explained differently depending on the decision-making area and level of participation. Women with a better relative position vis-à-vis partners and not following patriarchal gender roles are more likely to make decisions jointly with their partners, but not alone. Women's age and educational level are the strongest predictors in the analysis. Women's employment reduces their decision-making participation in children's disciplining and daily cooking-related decisions.Research limitations/implicationsIt focuses on married women only, while marital status might be a determinant of decision-making itself and left out the contribution of unearned incomes.Practical implicationsInterventions aimed at increasing women's intrahousehold decision-making participation should not only focus on economic endowments but also comprehend the gendered dynamics governing intrahousehold allocation.Originality/valueThe study incorporates quantitative measures of marital gender roles in the study of intrahousehold decision-making. It also contributes to the literature with insights from contexts where women's involvement in employment increased against a background of patriarchal gender roles.

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Gender-Informed Family Planning Perceptions and Decision-Making in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Study

Truong

Onis

Lindley

et al. 2020

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine

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Compared to other Mexican states, Chiapas possessed the lowest rate of contraception use among women 15−49 years old (44.6%) in 2018. This convergent mixed-methods study assessed family planning use, perceptions, and decision-making processes among women and men in rural communities where Compañeros En Salud (CES) works in Chiapas, Mexico. We conducted surveys of reproductive-aged women and semi-structured interviews with reproductive-aged women, men, and physicians completing their social-service year in CES communities from 2016 to 2017. Of the 625 survey respondents, 368 (58.9%) reported using contraception. The most common methods were female sterilization (27.7%), bimonthly injection (10.9%), and the implant (10.9%). Interviews were completed with 27 women, 24 men, and 5 physicians and analyzed through an inductive approach. Common reasons for contraception use were preventing pregnancy, lack of resources for additional children, and birth spacing. Adverse effects, influence of male partners, and perceived lack of need emerged as reasons for non-use. Male partners often made the final decision about contraceptive use, while women often chose what method. Physicians reported adverse effects, misconceptions about methods, and lack of women’s autonomy as barriers to contraception use. Given misconceptions about contraception methods and the dominant role of men in contraception decision-making, our study illustrates the importance of effective counseling and equitable gender dynamics for family planning programming in rural Chiapas.

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Gender and Family Planning Among Indigenous Women in Mexico and Central America: A Call to Action

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

The impact of marianismo on the association between intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms among latina women: A profile analysis.

The impact of marianismo on the association between intersectional discrimination and depressive symptoms among latina women: A profile analysis.

Incomes, employment and gender roles: understanding women's intrahousehold decision-making participation in Nicaragua

Gender-Informed Family Planning Perceptions and Decision-Making in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Study

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