Gender and Blue Justice in small-scale fisheries governance

Gustavsson, Madeleine; Frangoudès, Katia; Lindström, Lars; Ávarez, María Catalina; Castro, Maricela de la Torre

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104743

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Table 4 highlights They participated in these associations in various capacities and played different roles within them -from attending meetings to performing active leadership roles. Notably, literature mentioned nine cases of all-women community groups -Jamsuhoe women divers' groups in Jeju, South Korea (Kim, 2003;Ko et al, 2010); fisherwomen's associations in Portugal (Neilson et al, 2019), Finland (Salmi & Sonck-Rautio, 2018), northern Norway (Gerrard, 1995) and France (Gustavsson et al, 2021); Amasan women diving groups (Lim et al, 2012) and entrepreneurial groups in Japan (Soejima & Frangoudes, 2019); fisherwomen in Ngazidja, Comoros (Hauzer et al, 2013); Zanzibar (Crawford et al, 2010) and the shellfish fishery in Galicia (Frangoudes et al, 2008), which was designed to involve women by providing them with exclusive user rights and permits to sell their harvests. Certain other co-management initiatives discussed in the literature were initiated at the community level with the support of non-profit organizations and universities.…”

Section: The Institutional and Governance Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other cases, for example in Brazil's Corumbau MPA, women's positions were referred to as 'assistants', which were unpaid positions. In France, fisherwomen were viewed as the representatives of their husbands/partners and the women were not recognized on their own right (Gustavsson et al, 2021).…”

Section: B) Key Barriers Acknowledgedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, global efforts to advance United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) within the context of SSF have raised growing concerns about the need to recognize the crucial link between SDG 5: Gender Equality and SDG 14: Life Below Water, the goal directly related to fisheries (Frangoudes et al, 2020; Nash et al, 2020). More recently, various forms of gender discriminations such as recognitional, procedural, and distributional injustices; and the marginalized status of women in ocean governance, have gained scholarly attention and especially in the context of blue justice and blue economy narratives (Gustavsson et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the context, these formal rules supported or restricted women's capacity to involve in governance. For example, MPA rules in Mozambique restricted women from participating in the octopus fishery, whereas the formal recognition of customary user rights in Chile has fostered women's active participation in governing artisanal fisheries(Baker-Médard, 2017;Gustavsson et al, 2021). community fisher associations (customary institutions or cooperatives) as a key arrangement through which women involve and influence in SSF governance (32 cases).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women’s experiences in influencing and shaping small‐scale fisheries governance

2022

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This paper synthesizes current empirical evidence on how women experience, shape and influence small‐scale fisheries (SSF) governance. Our synthesis addresses an important gap in the literature, and helps highlight the opportunities to improve women's participation in governance and advance gender equality. We identified, characterized and synthesized 54 empirical cases at the intersection of gender and SSF governance, which comprise the relevant body of literature. Our review confirms the need to embed gender in the empirical examination of SSF governance towards expanding the current evidence base on this topic. We found that the institutional contexts within which women participate reflect a broad spectrum of arrangements, including the interactions with rules and regulations; participatory arrangements such as co‐management; and informal norms, customary practices and relational spaces. We also synthesized a typology of governance tasks performed by women in SSF. The typology includes leadership roles and active participation in decision‐making; relational networking and collective action; exercising agency and legitimacy; resource monitoring; knowledge sharing; meeting attendance (with no/less participation in decision‐making); and activism and mass mobilization. Furthermore, we drew broader insights based on the patterns that emerged across the literature and highlighted implications for improving women's meaningful participation in SSF governance. For example, exploring the breadth of governance arrangements to include all governance spaces where women are active, adjusting governance arrangements to respond to current and emerging barriers, and recognizing how women's efforts link with societal values may help legitimize their representation in SSF governance. Findings of this review should be of interest to the scholarly community, practitioners and policymakers alike and inform future research agendas, policy dialogues and practice intervention.

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Section: The Institutional and Governance Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B) Key Barriers Acknowledgedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women’s experiences in influencing and shaping small‐scale fisheries governance

2022

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“…honey production, chicken farms, handicrafts). The programs introducing alternative livelihoods in Zanzibar have unfortunately not been successful (Gustavsson et al, 2014) and present elements of injustice (Gustavsson et al, 2021). In this context, there are no major industries that employ women like, for instance, those in South-East Asia.…”

Section: Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Women and adaptive capacity to climate change in East African seascapes – Zanzibar as an example

Torre‐Castro

Lindström²,

Jiddawi³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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As the climate crisis persists, there is a crucial need to increase knowledge on adaptive capacity and the underlying factors building it. This is particularly important for disadvantaged groups, such as coastal women in East Africa. Women’s livelihoods in these seascapes are and will be more severely affected by climate change and the capacity of East African states to deal with these challenges is limited in terms of financial and human capital. In this research, we investigated the underlying factors building the adaptive capacity of coastal women in Zanzibar (Unguja Island), Tanzania. Coastal women (N=117) were interviewed in villages around the island to gather information about potential factors supporting adaptive capacity. This was analysed applying Cinner et al (2018) five domains typology for adaptive capacity, i.e. assets, flexibility, organizations, learning and agency. The results show that women had relatively low adaptive capacity, extended poverty and very high dependence on seaweed farming of red algae, a livelihood providing low income and already being seriously affected by climate variability and change. Women’s observations of key variables related to environmental changes corresponded to most scientific findings. It was, however, unclear how that knowledge is useful and enhances adaptive capacity. Adaptive capacity was generally low but individual differences were found in which ten women had a high income. The results show that the factors underlying adaptive capacity are complex and interact with each other, being positive, negative and unclear. Many of the identified factors deserve future research. This study adds to the pool of knowledge by addressing women (not only men); coastal ecosystems (as land and freshwater systems are more studied) and the individual level (since most studies focus on national and community levels). The study illustrates that institutional renewal, bridging and cooperation is possible in Zanzibar bringing good news to the region.

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