Gender and age related changes in number of dopaminergic neurons in adult human olfactory bulb

Alizadeh, Rafieh; Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza; Soleimani, Mansoureh; Joghataei, Mohammad Taghi; Siavashi, Vahid; Khorgami, Zhinoos; Hadjighassem, Mahmoudreza

doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.003

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Alizadeh et al (2015) have proposed that younger people tend to detect odors better than older people (confirmed previously by Doty et al, 1984), because the over suppression of olfactory information processing by DA presynaptically inhibits the release of glutamate from OSNs onto mitral cells in older people (Doty and Risser, 1989; Alizadeh et al, 2015). Although this presynaptic DA action is proposed to sharpen odor detection by filtering noise (Berkowicz and Trombley, 2000; Ennis et al, 2001), an increase in DA OB neurons may suggest excessive DA activity.…”

Section: Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Dopamine’s presynaptic mechanism of inhibiting glutamate release from the OSNs in turtles and mice (Berkowicz and Trombley, 2000; Ennis et al, 2001) also may be present in the human OB, since human OBs have been shown to have dopaminergic neurons in the GL (Alizadeh et al, 2015). Interestingly, when labeling postmortem human brains with the TH antibody, it was shown that younger (35 years and under) postmortem OBs had less TH-positive cells than older (50 years and over) postmortem OBs (Alizadeh et al, 2015).…”

Section: Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, when labeling postmortem human brains with the TH antibody, it was shown that younger (35 years and under) postmortem OBs had less TH-positive cells than older (50 years and over) postmortem OBs (Alizadeh et al, 2015). Rodents also show an increase in OB dopaminergic neurons with age (Kosaka and Kosaka, 2009).…”

Section: Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Korshunov

Blakemore

Trombley

2017

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

118

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Circadian rhythms are daily rhythms that regulate many biological processes – from gene transcription to behavior – and a disruption of these rhythms can lead to a myriad of health risks. Circadian rhythms are entrained by light, and their 24-h oscillation is maintained by a core molecular feedback loop composed of canonical circadian (“clock”) genes and proteins. Different modulators help to maintain the proper rhythmicity of these genes and proteins, and one emerging modulator is dopamine. Dopamine has been shown to have circadian-like activities in the retina, olfactory bulb, striatum, midbrain, and hypothalamus, where it regulates, and is regulated by, clock genes in some of these areas. Thus, it is likely that dopamine is essential to mechanisms that maintain proper rhythmicity of these five brain areas. This review discusses studies that showcase different dopaminergic mechanisms that may be involved with the regulation of these brain areas’ circadian rhythms. Mechanisms include how dopamine and dopamine receptor activity directly and indirectly influence clock genes and proteins, how dopamine’s interactions with gap junctions influence daily neuronal excitability, and how dopamine’s release and effects are gated by low- and high-pass filters. Because the dopamine neurons described in this review also release the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA which influences clock protein expression in the retina, we discuss articles that explore how GABA may contribute to the actions of dopamine neurons on circadian rhythms. Finally, to understand how the loss of function of dopamine neurons could influence circadian rhythms, we review studies linking the neurodegenerative disease Parkinson’s Disease to disruptions of circadian rhythms in these five brain areas. The purpose of this review is to summarize growing evidence that dopamine is involved in regulating circadian rhythms, either directly or indirectly, in the brain areas discussed here. An appreciation of the growing evidence of dopamine’s influence on circadian rhythms may lead to new treatments including pharmacological agents directed at alleviating the various symptoms of circadian rhythm disruption.

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Section: Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Korshunov

Blakemore

Trombley

2017

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

118

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“…Such information may be useful to further investigate neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), where olfactory and dopamine dysfunctions are cardinal symptoms [17]. Moreover, there is an established link between aging and an increase in dopaminergic cells in the olfactory bulb with concomitantly reduced olfactory sensation [30], suggesting that advanced fMRI techniques capable of imaging the olfactory bulb activation and its FC may provide a direct assessment of the dopamine system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related resting-state functional connectivity in the olfactory and trigeminal networks

Karunanayaka¹,

Tobia

Yang

2017

NeuroReport

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Brain networks for intranasal chemosensation have been shown to be intrinsically organized in humans [1]. However, little is known about how changes in the intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) in chemosensory networks are related to aging. We, therefore, investigated the impact of age on resting state functional connectivity in the olfactory and trigeminal networks (ON and TN) by combining two freely available resting state fMRI data sets (obtained from the NITRC.org; Atlanta and New York) with data collected in our lab to generate a large sample size (N=103; 51 females) spanning the age range of 20–61 years. Seed regions were defined using MNI coordinates that anchor olfactory and trigeminal networks in activation studies and meta-analyses. The olfactory network (ON) included the piriform cortex and oribtofrontal cortex. The trigeminal network (TN) included the anterior insula and cingulate cortex. Scanner site, sex, and age were used as covariates in group level analyses. The FC between the ON and parahippocampal gyrus was negatively correlated with age. The FC between the TN and parahippocampal gyrus, however, was positively correlated. Similarly, age was positively correlated with the ON FC to the ventral striatum, and the TN FC to the default mode network (DMN). These results reflect divergent age-related alterations of the intrinsic FC of the human chemosensory system.

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“…There is an association between increase in the number of dopaminergic neurons and smell performance. According to The Braak hypothesis, olfactory bulb is one of the regions influenced in early stages of IPD 30 . Recent neuropathologic advances suggest that olfactory system is one of the earliest involved regions of brain in IPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%