Gemfibrozil, stretching arms beyond lipid lowering

Roy, Avik; Pahan, Kalipada

doi:10.1080/08923970902785253

Cited by 68 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…The potential interplay between TFEB and lipid metabolism led us to investigate the role of gemfibrozil and ATRA, which are potential activators of PPAR␣ and RXR␣, respectively. Gemfibrozil, marketed as "Lopid," is an FDA-approved drug prescribed for hyperlipidemia (17,19), but it has been shown to have multiple beneficial effects (22). The ability of gemfibrozil to cross the blood-brain barrier has already been documented (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α Induces Lysosomal Biogenesis in Brain Cells

Ghosh

Jana

Modi

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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122

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α Induces Lysosomal Biogenesis in Brain Cells

Ghosh

Jana

Modi

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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111

122

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“…2). 29) Administration of RGAP markedly reduced the up-regulated levels of NEFA, considered as a risk factor for atherosclerosis, 30,31) under Triton WR1339 treatment conditions (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng

Kwak

Kyung

Kim³

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Korean ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER) has been known to be a valuable and important folk medicine in East Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan for about 2000 years. Panax ginseng is indeed being widely used to treat numerous diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.1) Active constituents with curable features found in most of ginseng species include ginsenosides, polysaccharides, peptides, polyacetylenic alcohols, and fatty acids.2) Of these, ginsenosides, a group of saponins with a triterpenoid dammarane structure, have been studied as major pharmacological components with a variety of effects such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlilidemic, and anti-atherosclerosis activities in ginseng.2-6) Polysaccharide fractions from ginseng have also been explored to understand ginseng's biological roles in pharmacology in terms of immunostimulatory functions. 2)Numerous studies have revealed that polysaccharides from the root of Panax ginseng were known to have mitogenic activities, anti-tumor activities and immunostimulating activities in the cyclophosphamide-treated immunosuppressed mice.2,7-9) It has also been reported that red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) from Korean red ginseng was able to up-regulate immunostimulating and antitumor activities for activation of natural killer cells and nitric oxide production in macrophages and in tumor-bearing models. 10,11) Furthermore, acidic polysaccharides from ginseng root were found to reduce the incidence rate of benzo[a]pyreneinduced autochthonous neoplasm. 12)In addition, the anti-metabolic disease effects of polysaccharide fractions have also been explored using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. It has been reported that nonsaponin fractions of Korean red ginseng, are capable of inhibiting epinephrine-induced lipolysis and of stimulating insulin-mediated lipogenesis from glucose in rat adipocytes. 13)Acidic polysaccharides from ginseng root were found to inhibit toxohormone L-induced lipolysis.13) Acidic polysaccharides from Korean red ginseng modulated pancreatic lipase activity, and caused a reduction of plasma triglyceride levels after oral administration of corn oil emulsion to rats, implying the involvement of pancreatic lipase in the reduction of lipolysis.14) Nonetheless, very few polysaccharides of RGAP are known to be effective against hyperlipidemia in vivo. Although several papers have indicated the role of polysaccharide fractions from ginseng play in this regard, the effect of RGAP on lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemic conditions has not been fully elucidated yet. In this study, therefore, we aimed to explore the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of orally administered RGAP from Korean red ginseng with hyperlipidemic rat models. To do this, both Triton WR1339-induced endogenous and corn oil-induced exogenous hyperlipidemic rat models were employed. It has been reported that Triton WR1339 treatment increases serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) by u...

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“…Previous studies have shown that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of GEM could be mediated by several pathways. It has been reported that GEM effects could be mediated through PPAR-α dependent and independent pathways and it has been emphasized that antioxidative, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities of GEM are not PPAR-α dependent (20). It has been reported that GEM resulted in reduction of TNF-α and interleukin 6, and also decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is little data regarding the role of the Peroxisome ProliferatorActivated Receptors Alpha (PPAR-α) in lung fibrosis (16). Furthermore, GEM as a fibric acid derivative lipid lowering agent and PPAR-α receptor agonist, has some effects other than in the treatment of hyperlipidemia (17)(18)(19)(20). In previous studies, it has been well confirmed that GEM has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties through effects on TGF-B, TNF-α, and PPAR-α (21, 22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preventive Role of Gemfibrozil on Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury and Fibrosis in Rats

Mohammadi

Khodayar

Hemmati

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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Background: Pulmonary fibrosis could be a threat for the health society. Oxidative stress, inflammatory, and fibrotic factors have an important role in the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis. The inhibition of these factors is a central mechanism for lung fibrosis prevention and therapy. Objectives: According to Gemfibrozil (GEM) effects, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of GEM in an animal model of pulmonary injury and fibrosis induced by Bleomycin (BLM). Methods: Experiments were done at 2 different time periods, 1 and 3 weeks in duration after BLM. In each time period, thirty rats were divided to 5 groups: 1, vehicle orally + saline Intratracheally (IT); 2, vehicle orally + BLM (IT) and 3 -5, GEM at the doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, orally + BLM (IT), respectively. Gem was administered 3 day before BLM and continued for one or three weeks. Results: At the end of both phases, 7th day and 21th day lung index and tissue collagen level were determined. Furthermore, macroscopic appearance and histopathological were analyzed. The results showed that gemfibrozil had beneficial effects in a dosedependent manner and best results were found in animals treated by 100 mg/kg of GEM. Conclusions: Finally, the current study concluded that GEM could be considered as a candidate in lung injury and fibrosis and could be used for improvement of lung damage and fibrosis in humans.

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Gemfibrozil, stretching arms beyond lipid lowering

Cited by 68 publications

References 94 publications

Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α Induces Lysosomal Biogenesis in Brain Cells

Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α Induces Lysosomal Biogenesis in Brain Cells

Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng

The Preventive Role of Gemfibrozil on Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury and Fibrosis in Rats

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