Little is known about the kinetics of most serum enzymes during
the first hours of life, and even less about the effect on such
enzyme activities of perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia. It was the
aim of the present study to evaluate the serum kinetics of seven
differently located cell enzymes in healthy and asphyxiated
newborns during the 1st week of life. The serum activities of
cytoplasmic and mitochondrial [aspartate aminotransferase
(ASAT), creatine kinase (CK), glutamate dehydrogenase
(GLDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hydroxybutyrate
dehydrogenase (HBDH)] and membrane-bound (γ-glutamyltransferase
and leucine arylaminidase) enzymes were prospectively
measured in full-term asphyxiated (n = 49) and healthy
(n = 87) newborns during the first 144 h of life. The blood samples
were taken serially at five fixed times; 0 (cord), 12,24,72,
and 144 h postpartum. The asphyxiated newborns had significantly
increased serum activities of ASAT, LDH, and HBDH
up to 72 h postpartum, whereas healthy newborns showed
higher CK and GLDH activities. Only the activities of ASAT,
LDH, and HBDH seemed to depend on the oxygen supply of
the fetus or newborn. If other causes of increased serum
enzyme activities, e.g. liver diseases, haemolytic disorders,
tumours, or inborn errors of metabolism, are excluded, elevated
serum activities of ASAT, LDH, and HBDH should
draw one’s attention to a perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic insult of
the newborn.