Gelation Kinetics of Hydrogels Based on Acrylamide–AMPS–NVP Terpolymer, Bentonite, and Polyethylenimine for Conformance Control of Oil Reservoirs

Tessarolli, Fernanda Garcia Cordeiro; Souza, Sara T.S.; Gomes, Ailton S.; Mansur, Cláudia R. E.

doi:10.3390/gels5010007

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The treatment agents used to prepare drilling fluids directly with seawater can be divided into two categories: organic treatment agents and inorganic treatment agents. Inorganic treatment agents are usually sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc., used to adjust the pH of the drilling fluid; commonly used organic treatment agents are polyacrylamide (PAM), hydrolyzed sodium polyacrylonitrile (NaPAN), carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) [ 16 , 17 ], hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), polyanionic cellulose (PAC), xanthan gum biopolymer (XC) [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], sulfomethylated phenolic resin (SMP) and other salt-resistant water-soluble polymers [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel Stability of Calcium Bentonite Suspension in Brine and Its Application in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Zhang

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2022

Gels

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With the development of the oil industry and the increasingly complex drilling environment, the performance of drilling fluids has to be constantly improved. In order to solve the problem of bentonite dispersion and hydration in a saline medium, a drilling fluid additive with good performance and acceptable cost was sought. The effects of several water-soluble polymers, such as cellulose polymers, synthetic polymers and natural polymers, on the rheology and gel suspension stability of calcium-based bentonite were compared in this study. Among the examined polymers, the xanthan gum biopolymer (XC) was the least negatively affected in the saline medium used. However, its high price limits its industrial application in oil and gas drilling fluids. In this study, a salt-tolerant polymer, modified plant gum (MVG), was prepared by a cross-linking modification of a natural plant gum, which is abundant and cheap. Then, a salt-tolerant polymer mixture called SNV was prepared, composed of the salt-resistant natural polymer MVG and the biopolymer XC. The salt tolerance and pulping ability of SNV and common water-soluble polymers were evaluated and compared. We then selected the most suitable Herschel–Bulkley model to fit the rheological curve of the SNV–bentonite aqueous suspension system. SNV improved the rheological properties of the calcium-based bentonite slurry and the dispersion stability of bentonite. In an SNV concentration of 0.35%, the apparent viscosity (AV) of the base slurry increased from 2 mPa·s to 32 mPa·s., and the low shear reading value at 3 rpm increased from 0 dia to 5 dia. This could greatly improve the viscosity and cutting carrying capacity of the bentonite drilling fluid. The bentonite drilling fluid prepared with SNV could be directly slurried with brine and even seawater; this means that when drilling in ocean, coastal saline water and high-salinity-surface saline water areas, the slurry preparation cost and preparation time can be conveniently reduced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel Stability of Calcium Bentonite Suspension in Brine and Its Application in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Zhang

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2022

Gels

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“…The bottle test method is an experimental technique which provides a semi-quantitative measurement to study gelation kinetics without applying stress or shear. The Sydansk's method [22,23,[31][32][33] employed offers insight into gelation time and strength, thermal stability and syneresis time using an alphabetical code to describe the behaviour of the gels upon bottle inversion ( Table 2). In these experiments, 1 g of the polymer samples was added to 100 mL of deionised water in a thermally resistant sealed glass bottle at 90 °C.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Gelation Strength (Bottle Test Method)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling performance of sodium polyacrylate and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt

et al. 2019

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The application of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels in the oil and gas industry for reservoir and well management is gaining more traction. In this study, the swelling performance and adsorption kinetics of two commercial superabsorbent polymer hydrogels-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt and sodium polyacrylate-were evaluated based upon their stimuli response to pH and salinity at varying temperature and reaction time periods. Characterisation and evaluation of the materials were performed using analytical techniques-optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and the gravimetric method. Experimental results show that reaction conditions strongly influence the swelling performance of the superabsorbent polymer hydrogels considered in this study. Generally, increasing pH and salinity concentration led to a significant decline in the swelling performance of both superabsorbent polymer hydrogels. An optimal temperature range between 50 and 75 °C was considered appropriate based on swell tests performed between 25 c to 100 °C over 2-, 4-and 6-h time periods. These findings serve as a guideline for field engineers in the use of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for a wide range of oilfield applications. The study results provide evidence that the two superabsorbent polymer hydrogels can be used for petroleum fraction-saline water emulsions separation, reservoir zonal isolation, water shutoff and cement plugging applications.

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“…We suggest that IL inclusion promotes the formation of diverse ionogels via electrostatic, inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. ,, We consider that for the [Cho][Cl]-ionogel formulations, of highest ionic strength, [Cho][Cl] incorporation could result in surface charge accumulation on the silk fibroin chains and weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. ,− This would explain our findings of higher T ionogel values, lower phenobarbital solubility, and impeded [Cho][Cl]-ionogel formation. In contrast, the extended structure of the dihydrogen phosphate anions could contribute to the formation of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding networks and steric effects. − This aligns with our observations of a shorter formation period, greater strength, structural and energetic stability for the [Cho][DHP]-ionogels compared to the [Cho][Cl]-ionogels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Unveiling the Rational Development of Stimuli-Responsive Silk Fibroin-Based Ionogel Formulations

et al. 2023

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We present an approach for the rational development of stimuli-responsive ionogels which can be formulated for precise control of multiple unique ionogel features and fill niche pharmaceutical applications. Ionogels are captivating materials, exhibiting self-healing characteristics, tunable mechanical and structural properties, high thermal stability, and electroconductivity. However, the majority of ionogels developed require complex chemistry, exhibit high viscosity, poor biocompatibility, and low biodegradability. In our work, we overcome these limitations. We employ a facile production process and strategically integrate silk fibroin, the biocompatible ionic liquids (ILs) choline acetate ([Cho][OAc]), choline dihydrogen phosphate ([Cho][DHP]), and choline chloride ([Cho][Cl]), traditional pharmaceutical excipients, and the model antiepileptic drug phenobarbital. In the absence of ILs, we failed to observe gel formation; yet in the presence of ILs, thermoresponsive ionogels formed. Systems were assessed via visual tests, transmission electron microscopy, confocal reflection microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and rheology measurements. We formed diverse ionogels of strengths ranging between 18 and 642 Pa. Under 25 °C storage, formulations containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) showed an ionogel formation period ranging over 14 days, increasing in the order of [Cho][DHP], [Cho][OAc], and [Cho][Cl]. Formulations lacking PVP showed an ionogel formation period ranging over 32 days, increasing in the order of [Cho][OAc], [Cho][DHP] and [Cho][Cl]. By heating from 25 to 60 °C, immediately following preparation, thermoresponsive ionogels formed below 41 °C in the absence of PVP. Based on our experimental results and density functional theory calculations, we attribute ionogel formation to macromolecular crowding and confinement effects, further enhanced upon PVP inclusion. Holistically, applying our rational development strategy enables the production of ionogels of tunable physicochemical and rheological properties, enhanced drug solubility, and structural and energetic stability. We believe our rational development approach will advance the design of biomaterials and smart platforms for diverse drug delivery applications.

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Gelation Kinetics of Hydrogels Based on Acrylamide–AMPS–NVP Terpolymer, Bentonite, and Polyethylenimine for Conformance Control of Oil Reservoirs

Cited by 16 publications

References 74 publications

Gel Stability of Calcium Bentonite Suspension in Brine and Its Application in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Gel Stability of Calcium Bentonite Suspension in Brine and Its Application in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Swelling performance of sodium polyacrylate and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt

Unveiling the Rational Development of Stimuli-Responsive Silk Fibroin-Based Ionogel Formulations

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