Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
This study investigated the development and characterized the physicochemical properties of films obtained from by-products (BP) from the preparation of propolis extracts. Films were produced in the presence and absence of a polymeric adjuvant (gelatin or ethylcellulose) and propylene glycol by a solvent casting method. Density, surface topography by scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties (folding endurance, tensile strength and percentage elongation), water vapour permeability (WVP), moisture uptake capacity, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were determined. The films were a transparent, light greenishyellow colour, with a uniform surface, and were flexible and easy to handle. The thickness and density of the preparations indicated that the compounds were homogeneously dispersed throughout the film. Mechanical properties were influenced by the film composition; films containing gelatin were more resistant to stress, while those containing ethylcellulose were more flexible. Increasing the adjuvant concentration decreased the elasticity and the rupture resistance, but increased the moisture uptake capacity and WVP of the formulations. BP was thermally stable as were the films. FTIR tests suggested interactions between BP and the adjuvants. This work could contribute to the utilization of BP to prepare films for food and pharmaceutical uses Uniterms: Propolis/byproducts. Propolis/use of waste material/films development. Films/propolis byproducts/physicochemical properties. Polymers. Ethylcellulose. Gelatin.Este estudo investigou o desenvolvimento e as características físico-químicas de filmes obtidos com o resíduo (BP), normalmente descartado, advindo da preparação de extratos de própolis. Os filmes foram produzidos com e sem adjuvantes poliméricos (gelatina ou etilcelulose) e propilenoglicol, pelo método de evaporação de solvente. Foram determinadas a densidade, a topografia de superfície usando microscopia eletrônica de varredura, as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à dobra, tensão e elongação), transmissão de vapor de água (WVP), capacidade de absorção de umidade, termogravimetria, calorimetria exploratória diferencial e espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Os filmes demonstraram coloração verde-amarelada, transparência, uniformidade de superfície, homogeneidade, flexibilidade e fácil manuseio. A espessura e a densidade das preparações indicaram que os compostos estavam dispersos de forma homogênea. As propriedades mecânicas foram influenciadas pela composição dos filmes e aqueles que continham gelatina apresentaram-se mais resistentes enquanto os compostos por etilcelulose demonstraram maior flexibilidade. Com o aumento da concentração polimérica, a resistência e a elasticidade diminuíam, porém aumentou a capacidade de absorção de água e a WVP das formulações. BP apresentou estabilidade térmica assim como os filmes. Os testes de FTIR sugeriram interações entre o BP e os adjuvantes utilizados. Es...
This study investigated the development and characterized the physicochemical properties of films obtained from by-products (BP) from the preparation of propolis extracts. Films were produced in the presence and absence of a polymeric adjuvant (gelatin or ethylcellulose) and propylene glycol by a solvent casting method. Density, surface topography by scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties (folding endurance, tensile strength and percentage elongation), water vapour permeability (WVP), moisture uptake capacity, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were determined. The films were a transparent, light greenishyellow colour, with a uniform surface, and were flexible and easy to handle. The thickness and density of the preparations indicated that the compounds were homogeneously dispersed throughout the film. Mechanical properties were influenced by the film composition; films containing gelatin were more resistant to stress, while those containing ethylcellulose were more flexible. Increasing the adjuvant concentration decreased the elasticity and the rupture resistance, but increased the moisture uptake capacity and WVP of the formulations. BP was thermally stable as were the films. FTIR tests suggested interactions between BP and the adjuvants. This work could contribute to the utilization of BP to prepare films for food and pharmaceutical uses Uniterms: Propolis/byproducts. Propolis/use of waste material/films development. Films/propolis byproducts/physicochemical properties. Polymers. Ethylcellulose. Gelatin.Este estudo investigou o desenvolvimento e as características físico-químicas de filmes obtidos com o resíduo (BP), normalmente descartado, advindo da preparação de extratos de própolis. Os filmes foram produzidos com e sem adjuvantes poliméricos (gelatina ou etilcelulose) e propilenoglicol, pelo método de evaporação de solvente. Foram determinadas a densidade, a topografia de superfície usando microscopia eletrônica de varredura, as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à dobra, tensão e elongação), transmissão de vapor de água (WVP), capacidade de absorção de umidade, termogravimetria, calorimetria exploratória diferencial e espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Os filmes demonstraram coloração verde-amarelada, transparência, uniformidade de superfície, homogeneidade, flexibilidade e fácil manuseio. A espessura e a densidade das preparações indicaram que os compostos estavam dispersos de forma homogênea. As propriedades mecânicas foram influenciadas pela composição dos filmes e aqueles que continham gelatina apresentaram-se mais resistentes enquanto os compostos por etilcelulose demonstraram maior flexibilidade. Com o aumento da concentração polimérica, a resistência e a elasticidade diminuíam, porém aumentou a capacidade de absorção de água e a WVP das formulações. BP apresentou estabilidade térmica assim como os filmes. Os testes de FTIR sugeriram interações entre o BP e os adjuvantes utilizados. Es...
Astaxanthin (AX) is an unstable functional food ingredient. A stable AX powder was developed and its characteristics (such as moisture content, bulk density, solubility, repose angle, and morphology) and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The microencapsulated AX powder was produced by spray drying using maltodextrin (MD)-gelatin and the parameters were optimized by response surface methodology. The results revealed that an optimal microencapsulation process has a ratio of MD to gelatin of 2.1:1, a ratio of wall to core materials of 5.9:1, and a ratio of glycerol monostearate to sucrose fatty-acid ester of 1.1:1. The AX encapsulation yield and encapsulation efficiency were 38.02% and 71.76%, respectively. AX microcapsules had a lower moisture content and bulk density, greater solubility, and good flowability. AX microcapsules showed antioxidant activities greater than Vitamin C, which indicated that the antioxidant activity of AX was not lost. AX microcapsule micrographs showed almost no cracks or fissures on the surface of microcapsules produced by spray drying under the optimal conditions.
Millimeter‐size beads of gelatin are manufactured by dripping process to give enzyme supports qualified for micropollutants biodegradation in alternative wastewater treatment. The bead diameter is dependent on the tip diameter, the gelatin solution viscosity and the swelling of polymer chains in the collecting bath. Chemical crosslinking was performed with glutaraldehyde using optimal concentration to give mechanical and thermal properties suitable for application in stirred reactor in aqueous medium. Laccases from Trametes versicolor are grafted on the gelatin beads with glutaraldehyde. Sixty percentage of the initial enzymatic activity, evaluated by the oxidation of 2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) is maintained after 10 successive cycles of reaction. Thermal stability at 60°C of immobilized biocatalysts is improved when compared to free enzymes (45% vs 10% of relative activity after 6 h of incubation). The simplicity of the procedure to form gelatin beads and their properties make them promising bio‐based and biodegradable support for enzyme immobilization.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.