Gelatin: A Valuable Protein for Food and Pharmaceutical Industries: Review

Djagny, Kodjo Boady; Wang, Zhang; Xu, Shengyu

doi:10.1080/20014091091904

Cited by 460 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The absorption of the amino acids in gelatin is facilitated since it is a partially-hydrolyzed protein derived from collagen, and its digestibility is comparable to that of casein 3,21 . Therefore, it can be concluded that protein digestibility did not influence the decrease in protein efficiency in the casein/gelatin mixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collagen is an insoluble protein of animal origin that holds organs and tissues together and gives strength to tendons, among other biological functions 2,3 . In nutritional terms, gelatin is an incomplete protein because its amino acid profile is quite atypical and deficient in all of the indispensable (essential) amino acids recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences 4 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrolyzed collagen (gelatin) decreases food efficiency and the bioavailability of high-quality protein in rats

Bordin

Naves

2015

Rev. Nutr.

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A B S T R A C T ObjectiveAlthough deficient in all indispensable amino acids, gelatin is used in protein-restricted diets. Food efficiency and protein quality of casein and gelatin mixtures in low protein diets in Wistar rats were investigated. MethodsThe rats were treated with protein-restricted diets (10.0 and 12.5%) containing casein (control diets), casein with gelatin mixtures (4:1 of protein content), and gelatin as sources of protein. The food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, relative and corrected protein efficiency ratio, true protein digestibility, and hepatic parameters were estimated. ResultsAfter 28 days of the experiment, food efficiency of 10.0% casein/gelatin diet decreased when compared to that of 10.0% casein diet, and the protein efficiency ratio of the casein/gelatin mixtures (10.0%=2.41 and 12.5%=2.03) were lower than those of the casein (10.0%=2.90 and 12.5%=2.32). After 42 days of the experiment, the weight of the liver of the animals treated with 10.0 and 12.5% casein/gelatin diets, and the liver protein retention of the 12.5% casein/gelatin diet group of animals were lower than those of the control group. ConclusionGelatin decreases food efficiency and high-quality protein bioavailability in protein-restricted diets.Keywords: Amino acids. Biological availability. Caseins. Gelatin. Proteins. Rats. I N T R O D U C T I O NGelatin is a soluble mixture of polypeptides produced by the partial hydrolysis of collagen 1 .Collagen is an insoluble protein of animal origin that holds organs and tissues together and gives strength to tendons, among other biological functions 2,3 . In nutritional terms, gelatin is an incomplete protein because its amino acid profile is quite atypical and deficient in all of the indispensable (essential) amino acids recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences 4 . It is known that gelatin contains no tryptophan 5,6 .Gelatin and collagen hydrolysate have been shown to improve skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, elasticity, and skin barrier dysfunction 7,8 . Furthermore, they have been used to promote weight loss because studies have shown that gelatin can inhibit appetite and promote satiety 9,10 . However, the use of gelatin in a protein-restricted diets (like those before and after gastrointestinal tract surgery, chronic renal insufficiency treatment diets, and those aimed to promote weight loss 11,12 ) could be a potential nutritional risk. Insufficient protein intake (in terms of both quantity and quality) inhibits endogenous metabolism of proteins, prolongs the inflammatory phase of the healing process, decreases fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and collagen synthesis, and impairs tissue repair 12 . Therefore, the use of gelatin in a protein-deficient diet could slow patient recovery.Considering the uses of gelatin in proteinrestricted diets, this study investigated food efficiency and protein quality of casein (a complete protein) and gelatin mixtures in low protein diet...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzed collagen (gelatin) decreases food efficiency and the bioavailability of high-quality protein in rats

Bordin

Naves

2015

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Gelatin is a protein derived from collagen [65]. Cationic gelatin nanoparticles, 100–300 nm in diameter, which are produced by chemically introducing cations such as thylenediamine, putrescine, spermidine, or spermine to the carboxyl group of gelatin [66], have been used in gene therapy for renal fibrosis in vivo [52–54].…”

Section: Viral and Non-viral Vectors For Renal Fibrosis In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-sized carriers in gene therapy for renal fibrosisin vivo

Miyazawa

Hirai

Ookawara

et al. 2017

Nano Reviews & Experiments

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Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal failure regardless of underlying initial nephropathies. No specific therapy has been established for renal fibrosis. Gene therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis. Nano-sized carriers including viral vectors and non-viral vectors have been shown to enhance the delivery and treatment effects of gene therapy for renal fibrosis in vivo. This review focuses on the mechanisms of renal fibrosis and the in vivo technologies and methodologies of nano-sized carriers in gene therapy for renal fibrosis. RESPONSIBLE EDITOR Alexander Seifalian Director of Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Ltd., The London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UNITED KINGDOM

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“…Gelatin is a protein derived from collagen [54]. Cationic gelatin nanoparticles are produced chemically by introducing cations such as ethylenediamine, putrescine, spermidine, or spermine to the carboxyl group of gelatin, and have been shown to protect transgenes against degradation in vivo [40].…”

Section: Non-viral Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-sized carriers in gene therapy for peritoneal fibrosisin vivo

Igarashi

Hoshino

Ookawara

et al. 2017

Nano Reviews & Experiments

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Peritoneal fibrosis is a crucial complication in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. It is a major pathological feature of peritoneal membrane failure, which leads to withdrawal of peritoneal dialysis. No specific therapy has yet been established for the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis. However, gene therapy may be a viable option, and various nano-sized carriers, including viral and non-viral vectors, have been shown to enhance the delivery and efficacy of gene therapy for peritoneal fibrosis in vivo. This review focuses on the use of nano-sized carriers in gene therapy of peritoneal fibrosis in vivo.

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Gelatin: A Valuable Protein for Food and Pharmaceutical Industries: Review

Cited by 460 publications

References 64 publications

Hydrolyzed collagen (gelatin) decreases food efficiency and the bioavailability of high-quality protein in rats

Hydrolyzed collagen (gelatin) decreases food efficiency and the bioavailability of high-quality protein in rats

Nano-sized carriers in gene therapy for renal fibrosisin vivo

Nano-sized carriers in gene therapy for peritoneal fibrosisin vivo

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