Gel polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries: Fabrication, characterization and performance

Liang, Shishuo; Yan, Wei-Yong; Wu, Xiaoyin; Zhang, Yi; Zhu, Yusong; Wang, Hongwei; Wu, Yuping

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2017.12.023

Cited by 190 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…A straightforward way to circumvent many of these issues is to use quasi‐solid‐state PGEs composed of a porous polymer matrix soaked with liquid electrolyte. Unfortunately, such electrolytes typically suffer from poor mechanical properties that may cause device failures and safety issues when the cell is stretched.…”

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confidence: 86%

Fully Integrated Design of a Stretchable Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Full Battery

et al. 2019

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a conventional battery, such as good electrochemical performance, affordable price, and high safety.A conventional full cell LIB is a complicated device, composed of a current collector, a cathode, an anode, a separator, an electrolyte, and a proper packaging. To fabricate a stretchable full cell, we need to replace all these components with materials that can provide simultaneously the appropriate electrochemical functionalities as well as the intrinsic mechanical stretchability. Many components that could potentially be used in a stretchable battery have been presented in the literature. For example, several approaches have been reported for fabricating stretchable electrodes by incorporating rigid electrode materials within a porous framework, with a wavy design, or with helically coiled spring configuration. [6] However, these structures are usually complicated and costly to produce and scale-up, and, due to the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or other substrates, the cells are thick and heavy. [7] Also, stretchable composite conductors for applications in electronics have been widely investigated. [8] However, there are only very few reports targeting battery current collectors. [7,9] The sheet resistances of the reported materials range from around 150 to 200 Ω □ −1 in the unstretched states and get much higher when stretched, producing significant internal resistance. Polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), [10] poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), [11] poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), [12] or poly(ionic liquid) [13] are widely accepted as promising solution for flexible LIBs due to their advantageous flexibility, safety, and packaging behavior compared to the liquid electrolytes with a porous separator. Unfortunately, PGEs usually show quite a low room temperature ionic conductivity that ranges from 10 −4 to 10 −3 S cm −1 . Since 2015, "water-in-salt" (WiS) aqueous electrolytes containing extremely concentrated lithium salt have been investigated. [14] Some of these WiS-based gel electrolytes have also been reported to show better safety and robustness compared with the conventional PGE. [15] However, none of these materials exhibited mechanical stretchability.It is interesting to note that although so many stretchable battery components have been reported, their processing into full cells is rarely described, and even in these cases, usually not all the LIB components were made stretchable. [7,16] The reason for this is the diffculty in obtaining robust conductive interfaces between the battery components enabling efficient ion and A solid-state lithium-ion battery, in which all components (current collector, anode and cathode, electrolyte, and packaging) are stretchable, is introduced, giving rise to a battery design with mechanical properties that are compliant with flexible electronic devices and elastic wearable systems. By depositing Ag microflakes as a conductive layer on a stretchable carbon-polymer composite, a current collector with a low sheet resistance of ≈2.7 Ω ...

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confidence: 86%

Fully Integrated Design of a Stretchable Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Full Battery

et al. 2019

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“…On a broader perspective, the strategy of using composite structures for tuning electrical and mechanical properties of electrolytes is followed in different research fields. Solid/liquid composites such as the soggy-sand concept 21 , gel electrolytes 22 , solid/solid composites (e.g. an inorganic fillers dispersed in a polymer matrix 23 , bicontinuous structures 24 , inorganic/inorganic composites 25 and glass ceramics 26,27 ) are important examples -with MOF-based materials being a new contender.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sodium Ion Conductivity in Superionic IL-Impregnated Metal-Organic Frameworks: Enhancing Stability Through Structural Disorder

Nozari

Calahoo

Tuffnell

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Metal-organic frameworks (Mofs) are intriguing host materials in composite electrolytes due to their ability for tailoring host-guest interactions by chemical tuning of the Mof backbone. Here, we introduce particularly high sodium ion conductivity into the zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 by impregnation with the sodium-salt-containing ionic liquid (iL) (na 0.1 eMiM 0.9)tfSi. We demonstrate an ionic conductivity exceeding 2 × 10 −4 S • cm −1 at room temperature, with an activation energy as low as 0.26 eV, i.e., the highest reported performance for room temperature na +-related ion conduction in Mof-based composite electrolytes to date. partial amorphization of the Zif-backbone by ball-milling results in significant enhancement of the composite stability towards exposure to ambient conditions, up to 20 days. While the introduction of network disorder decelerates IL exudation and interactions with ambient contaminants, the ion conductivity is only marginally affected, decreasing with decreasing crystallinity but still maintaining superionic behavior. This highlights the general importance of 3D networks of interconnected pores for efficient ion conduction in MOF/IL blends, whereas pore symmetry is a less stringent condition. Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consist of metal nodes as coordination centers and organic linkers which self-assemble to form a three-dimensional network. Chemical tailoring of both the inorganic node and the organic linker enables property design for a wide range of applications such as gas storage, gas separation, catalysis and ion conduction 1,2. An alternative route to tune the properties of a given MOF is post-synthetic modification, for example, by applying pressure, temperature or other exogenous stimuli 3. Depending on stimulus intensity, such post-treatment can lead to structural collapse and solid-state amorphization of the framework 4-7. The formation of amorphous MOFs through solid-solid transitions (or, similarly, through quenching of MOF-liquids) is of particular interest due to the distinct variations in chemical, mechanical and physical properties which can be obtained as a result of structural disorder 8. Amorphization of MOFs can be achieved via different techniques, including pressure-induced structural collapse, ball-milling, melt-quenching, hot-pressing, and re-melting 8-10. Of these, ball-milling, or mechanosynthesis, which can also be used to synthesize crystalline MOFs, is the most universally applicable route. The low minimum shear moduli of MOFs have previously been shown to be responsible for facile collapse of systems such as UiO-66 ([Zr 6 O 4 (OH) 4 (1,4-BDC) 6 ], BDC = benzenedicarboxylate) 11. Using calcein as a model drug incorporated into crystalline UiO-66, it was demonstrated that amorphization via ball-milling leads to delayed release of the guest molecule: the timescale of release was increased from ~2 days in the crystalline structure to one month in the amorphous composite as a result of structural collapse 12. Here, we investigate how st...

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“…In summary, the choice and development of a suitable electrolyte are still the bottleneck of Li metal batteries and more research work in this area is required. Details of the various electrolyte systems have been already extensively discussed in several previous reviews …”

Section: Strategies For Developing Stable LI Metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Aspects of Lithium Metal Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

Ghazi

Sun

et al. 2019

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Rechargeable batteries are considered promising replacements for environmentally hazardous fossil fuel‐based energy technologies. High‐energy lithium‐metal batteries have received tremendous attention for use in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, the low Coulombic efficiency, short life cycle, huge volume expansion, uncontrolled dendrite growth, and endless interfacial reactions of the metallic lithium anode are major obstacles in their commercialization. Extensive research efforts have been devoted to address these issues and significant progress has been made by tuning electrolyte chemistry, designing electrode frameworks, discovering nanotechnology‐based solutions, etc. This Review aims to provide a conceptual understanding of the current issues involved in using a lithium metal anode and to unveil its electrochemistry. The most recent advancements in lithium metal battery technology are outlined and suggestions for future research to develop a safe and stable lithium anode are presented.

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Gel polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries: Fabrication, characterization and performance

Cited by 190 publications

References 174 publications

Fully Integrated Design of a Stretchable Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Full Battery

Fully Integrated Design of a Stretchable Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Full Battery

Sodium Ion Conductivity in Superionic IL-Impregnated Metal-Organic Frameworks: Enhancing Stability Through Structural Disorder

Key Aspects of Lithium Metal Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

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