Gel permeation chromatography. II. The nature of the separation

Abstract

Gel permeation chromatography is a special type of liquid‐solid elution chromatography based on the permeation of solute molecules into a rigid gel particle. The large molecules penetrate less into the small void spaces of the gel, and they are eluted first. Ideally, the entire separation is due to the size barriers that exist within the gel. Gel columns were readily calibrated with a series of polymer samples with a narrow molecular weight distribution. Elution curves of single components were found to be symmetrical, fitting closely the normalized probability function. Peak widths divided by their elution volumes correlated well with their heights. Complete resolution of the elution curve of a low polymer was demonstrated with these correlations. Calibration curves for polystyrenes and polyglycols were brought into coincidence by plotting elution volume against chain length on a logarithmic scale. These curves were not affected by column temperature changes or by changes to other good solvents as eluants.

Particle size and molecular weight distributions of various polystyrene emulsions

“…Comparison with Gel Permeation Chromatography. GPC techniques have been developed i n t h e last few years (10)(11)(12)(13). T h i s technique allows rapid determination of MWD of' a polymer within a few hours.…”

Imidazolium-functionalized anion exchange membranes using poly(ether sulfone)s as macrocrosslinkers for fuel cells

“…Moreover, there are unavoidable errors that result from the processing of GPC data of HO-PES-OH/Br-PES-Br within the uncertainty of the measurements (below 10%). 44 Fabrication and characterization of the crosslinked PES/ PVIIL-x membranes. The route for preparation of the crosslinked membranes based on PVIIL is illustrated in Scheme S1.…”

Μακρομοριακή Αρχιτεκτονική Πολυπεπτιδίων

“…Μετά τις πρώτες προσπάθειες του Μoore [189,190] στη χρωματογραφία αποκλεισμού μεγεθών (Size Exclusion Chromatography, SEC) ή αλλιώς χρωματογραφία μέσω πηκτής (Gel Permeation Chromatography, GPC), η τεχνική αναπτύχθηκε σημαντικά και σήμερα αποτελεί την ευρύτερα αναγνωρισμένη μέθοδο [191] για τον προσδιορισμό του μέσου μοριακού βάρους, αλλά κυρίως της κατανομής μοριακών βαρών και την καθαρότητα των πολυμερών. Πρόκειται ουσιαστικά για μία τεχνική υγρής χρωματογραφίας υψηλής απόδοσης, προσαρμοσμένης για την ανάλυση μεγαλομορίων, όπως τα πολυμερή [192] .…”