Geckos Race Across the Water’s Surface Using Multiple Mechanisms

Nirody, Jasmine A.; Jinn, Judy; Libby, Thomas; Lee, Timothy J.; Jusufi, Ardian; Hu, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.064

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…[220] For instance, the neuromechanics of axial muscle cocontraction during undulatory swimming can be effectively modeled using pairs of soft actuators, yielding discovery of maximum thrust via body stiffness modulation by Jusufi et al, [216] thus, facilitating exploration of a wider parameter space than live animal experimentation alone. [216,221] Moreover Wright et al integrated a soft strain sensor with a soft actuator to monitor the undulation of a soft robotic fish (Figure 14d). [167] These findings demonstrate an immediate need to integrate stretchable strain sensors as a closed-loop solution for the body caudal-fin swimming that can improve maneuverability of biologically inspired robots (Figure 14e).…”

Section: Soft Robotics and Neuromechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[220] In the process of developing more life-like robustness, soft strain sensors can be utilized to test model systems of locomotion in nature (e.g., gecko, cockroach, mudskipper, and salamander) to reveal striking fundamentals (Figure 14a,d). [216,221,227] Beyond comparative biomechanics research, applications of stretchable sensors could potentially extend to include diagnostics in veterinary care.…”

Section: Soft Robotics and Neuromechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Souri¹,

Banerjee

Jusufi

et al. 2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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289

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Recent advances in the design and implementation of wearable resistive, capacitive, and optical strain sensors are summarized herein. Wearable and stretchable strain sensors have received extensive research interest due to their applications in personalized healthcare, human motion detection, human–machine interfaces, soft robotics, and beyond. The disconnection of overlapped nanomaterials, reversible opening/closing of microcracks in sensing films, and alteration of the tunneling resistance have been successfully adopted to develop high‐performance resistive‐type sensors. On the other hand, the sensing behavior of capacitive‐type and optical strain sensors is largely governed by their geometrical changes under stretching/releasing cycles. The sensor design parameters, including stretchability, sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis, and dynamic durability, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the promising applications of wearable strain sensors are highlighted in detail. Although considerable progress has been made so far, wearable strain sensors are still in their prototype stage, and several challenges in the manufacturing of integrated and multifunctional strain sensors should be yet tackled.

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Section: Soft Robotics and Neuromechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soft Robotics and Neuromechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Souri¹,

Banerjee

Jusufi

et al. 2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

Self Cite

404

289

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In some insects and spiders, hydrophobic integumental properties facilitate the prevention of submersion (Gao & Jiang, 2004; Stratton & Suter, 2009). Although geckos are normally not associated with aquatic ecosystems, some geckos have advanced swimming abilities due to their hydrophobic skin (Nirody et al, 2018). Possibly, hydrophobicity may have evolved as an adaptation for species that are regularly threatened by flooding of their habitat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another function of hydrophobic skin surfaces is to prevent submersion, allowing animals to live on or at the water surface (e.g., water striders (Gerromorpha, Heteroptera; Gao & Jiang, 2004) and spiders (Stratton & Suter, 2009)). In contrast, the hydrophobic properties of the integument of vertebrates have not been well documented (but see Hiller, 2009; Nirody et al, 2018; Stark & Mitchell, 2019; Watson, Green, et al, 2015). More importantly, while the physical principles and function of hydrophobic surfaces are well understood (Li et al, 2007), it is unclear which selective pressures promote the evolution of this functional adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin hydrophobicity as an adaptation for self‐cleaning in geckos

Riedel

Vucko

Blomberg

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Hydrophobicity is common in plants and animals, typically caused by high relief microtexture functioning to keep the surface clean. Although the occurrence and physical causes of hydrophobicity are well understood, ecological factors promoting its evolution are unclear. Geckos have highly hydrophobic integuments. We predicted that, because the ground is dirty and filled with pathogens, high hydrophobicity should coevolve with terrestrial microhabitat use. Advancing contact‐angle (ACA) measurements of water droplets were used to quantify hydrophobicity in 24 species of Australian gecko. We reconstructed the evolution of ACA values, in relation to microhabitat use of geckos. To determine the best set of structural characteristics associated with the evolution of hydrophobicity, we used linear models fitted using phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS), and then model averaging based on AICc values. All species were highly hydrophobic (ACA > 132.72°), but terrestrial species had significantly higher ACA values than arboreal ones. The evolution of longer spinules and smaller scales was correlated with high hydrophobicity. These results suggest that hydrophobicity has coevolved with terrestrial microhabitat use in Australian geckos via selection for long spinules and small scales, likely to keep their skin clean and prevent fouling and disease.

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“…Despite the proliferation of computation and sensing at the small scale, robots remain mostly incapable of accessing all but the most evenly structured environments, and cannot reach the performances of natural systems [7,8]. On the other hand, animals in a forest, such as geckos, acrobatically sprint over uneven terrain horizontally, vertically and even over the surface of the water at the same high speed [9] (Figure 1A). The major reason for this ability of geckos is their long and elastic tails, which enable them to act as nature's elite sprinters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance, mass distribution and contact forces in cursorial and scansorial locomotion with biorobotic physical models

et al. 2021

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Locomotion in unstructured and irregular environments is an enduring challenge in robotics. This is particularly true at the small scale, where relative obstacle size increases, often to the point that a robot is required to climb and transition both over obstacles and between locomotion modes. In this paper, we explore the efficacy of different design features, using 'morphological intelligence', for mobile robots operating in rugged terrain, focusing on the use of active and passive tails and changes in mass distribution, as well as elastic suspensions of mass. We develop an initial prototype whegged robot with a compliant neck and test its obstacle traversal performance in rapid locomotion with varying its mass distribution. Then we examine a second iteration of the prototype with a flexible tail to explore the effect of the tail and mass distribution in ascending a slope and traversing obstacles. Based on observations from these tests, we develop a new platform with increased performance and a fin ray wheel-leg design and present experiments on traversing large obstacles, which are larger than the robot's body, of this platform with tails of varying compliance. This biorobotic platform can assist with generating and testing hypotheses in robotics-inspired biomechanics of animal locomotion.

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Geckos Race Across the Water’s Surface Using Multiple Mechanisms

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Skin hydrophobicity as an adaptation for self‐cleaning in geckos

Compliance, mass distribution and contact forces in cursorial and scansorial locomotion with biorobotic physical models

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