Ge-on-Si modulators operating at mid-infrared wavelengths up to 8  μm

Li, Tiantian; Nedeljkovic, Milos; Hattasan, Nannicha; Cao, Wei; Qu, Zhibo; Littlejohns, Callum G.; Penadés, Jordi Soler; Mastronardi, Lorenzo; Mittal, Vinita; Benedikovič, Daniel; Thomson, David J.; Gardes, Frederic Y.; Wu, Hequan; Zhou, Zhiping; Mashanovich, Goran Z.

doi:10.1364/prj.7.000828

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…When driven by a RF signal, 60 MHz OOK modulation was demonstrated in both the EAM and MZM devices. An EAM device has also been demonstrated at a wavelength of 8 μm, with a 2.5 dB modulation depth for a 7 V DC forward bias in a 2-mm-long PIN diode [24]. The measurements indicated that the injected free carrier absorption was more than 4.9 times greater at 8 μm than at 3.8 μm for the same carrier concentration, which was consistent with the theoretical predictions of [21].…”

Section: E Ge Injection Modulatorssupporting

confidence: 77%

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

Mashanovich

Cao²,

Qu³

et al. 2019

IJEEC

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The mid-infrared wavelength region is important for a number of application areas, two of which are optical fibre and free space communications. Silicon photonics can provide inexpensive photonic chips for such applications due to excellent electronic and photonic properties. In this paper, the realisation of active silicon and germanium photonic devices for the mid-infrared spectral region are given. High speed Si depletion type modulators, Si and Ge injection modulators operating at wavelengths up to 8 micrometers, and high speed Si detectors are presented. These devices are integrated with drivers and amplifiers and show very good performance, e.g. data rate in excess of 20 Gb/s.

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Section: E Ge Injection Modulatorssupporting

confidence: 77%

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

Mashanovich

Cao²,

Qu³

et al. 2019

IJEEC

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“…Below 9 Gbit s −1 the signal is error-free. Given that a BER ≤ 4 × 10 −3 can be corrected using error correction codes without excessive overhead, [3,27] we achieved an error-free transmission up to 10 Gbit s −1 which is far beyond the state-of-theart at this wavelength in free-space using either external [28] or direct [3] modulation, without any postprocessing nor equalization.…”

Section: Data Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

10 Gbit s⁻¹ Free Space Data Transmission at 9 µm Wavelength With Unipolar Quantum Optoelectronics

Dely

Bonazzi

Spitz

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Free space optics data transmission with bitrate in excess of 10 Gbit s −1 is demonstrated at 9 µm wavelength by using a unipolar quantum optoelectronic system at room temperature, composed of a quantum cascade laser, a modulator, and a quantum cascade detector. The large frequency bandwidth of the system is set by the detector and the modulator that are both high frequency devices, while the laser emits in continuous wave. The amplitude modulator relies on the Stark shift of an absorbing optical transition in and out of the laser frequency. This device is designed to avoid charge displacement, and therefore it is characterized by an intrinsically large bandwidth and very low electrical power consumption. This demonstration of high-bitrate data transmission sets unipolar quantum devices as the most performing platform for the development of optoelectronic systems operating at very high frequency in the mid-infrared for several applications, such as digital communications and high-resolution spectroscopy.

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“…It is relevant to note that FEC has a step-like efficiency, so BER below the critical value will be greatly enhanced while BER above the critical value will remain mostly unchanged 50 and consequently, the privacy of the transmission is not threatened by this technique. Even though CMo gave better results in terms of BER with other semiconductor lasers 54 , it would be interesting to compare this method with chaos masking, for instance using mid-infrared external modulators that already achieve dozens of Mbits/s 55 . Meanwhile, several opportunities can be envisioned in order to enhance the real-field performances of this experimental proof-of-concept.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private communication with quantum cascade laser photonic chaos

Spitz

Herdt

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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Mid-infrared free-space optical communication has a large potential for high speed communication due to its immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, data security against eavesdroppers is among the obstacles for private free-space communication. Here, we show that two uni-directionally coupled quantum cascade lasers operating in the chaotic regime and the synchronization between them allow for the extraction of the information that has been camouflaged in the chaotic emission. This building block represents a key tool to implement a high degree of privacy directly on the physical layer. We realize a proof-of-concept communication at a wavelength of 5.7 μm with a message encryption at a bit rate of 0.5 Mbit/s. Our demonstration of private free-space communication between a transmitter and receiver opens strategies for physical encryption and decryption of a digital message.

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Ge-on-Si modulators operating at mid-infrared wavelengths up to 8 μm

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

10 Gbit s⁻¹ Free Space Data Transmission at 9 µm Wavelength With Unipolar Quantum Optoelectronics

Private communication with quantum cascade laser photonic chaos

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Ge-on-Si modulators operating at mid-infrared wavelengths up to 8 μm

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

Mid-Infrared Silicon Photonics for Communications

10 Gbit s−1 Free Space Data Transmission at 9 µm Wavelength With Unipolar Quantum Optoelectronics

Private communication with quantum cascade laser photonic chaos

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Product

Resources

About

10 Gbit s⁻¹ Free Space Data Transmission at 9 µm Wavelength With Unipolar Quantum Optoelectronics