GDx-MM: An Imaging Mueller Matrix Retinal Polarimeter

Twietmeyer, Karen

doi:10.1364/fio.2007.fwe4

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…1 shows the GDx-MM optical and polarization path with modifications from the original GDx. The instrument is more fully described in [25]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mueller matrix retinal imager with optimized polarization conditions

Twietmeyer¹,

Chipman²,

Elsner³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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A new Mueller matrix polarimeter was used to image the retinas of normal subjects. Light from a linearly polarized 780 nm laser was passed through a system of variable retarders and scanned across the retina. Light returned from the eye passed through a second system of retarders and a polarizing beamsplitter to two confocal detection channels. Optimization of the polarimetric data reduction matrix was via a condition number metric. The accuracy and repeatability of polarization parameter measurements were within ± 5%. The magnitudes and orientations of retardance and diattenuation, plus depolarization, were measured over 15° of retina for 15 normal eyes.

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“…1 shows the GDx-MM optical and polarization path with modifications from the original GDx. The instrument is more fully described in [25]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GDx electronics were replaced with a custom data acquisition and control system [National Instruments, Austin, TX]. More detail may be found in [25]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mueller matrix retinal imager with optimized polarization conditions

Twietmeyer¹,

Chipman²,

Elsner³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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show abstract

“…Detailed descriptions of the GDx-MM optimization, calibration, and data reduction are included in the references. [3], [4], [18], [19] The linear retardance, 45° retardance, circular retardance and retardance orientation are calculated using Lu-Chipman Decomposition. [5] Different depolarization parameters are calculated pixel by pixel in the retinal image from the 4×4 retinal Mueller matrix images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explore these properties further, we recently build a retinal Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter by extensively modifying a commercially available scanning laser ophthalmoscope with polarization capability, the Laser Diagnostics GDx retinal nerve fiber analyzer (Laser Diagnostic Technologies Inc., later acquired by Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.). This retinal polarimeter which we call the GDx-MM, for GDx Mueller matrix, is described in reference [3] and [4]. The objective of this manuscript is to present results on the depolarization of the retina obtained with the GDx-MM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depolarization properties of the normal human fovea

et al. 2009

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Depolarization data is provided for several normal retinas. Mueller matrix images of normal human fovea were acquired with a custom imaging Mueller matrix retinal polarimeter (the GDx-MM) over a 9° field at 780nm and have been analyzed for depolarization index and the variation of degree of polarization with incident polarization state. The degree of polarization (DoP) was often above 50% and varied in complex ways as a function of the incident polarization states. The depolarization properties around the macula loosely correlated with the retardance image. High spatial frequency depolarizing structures were evident throughout the fovea.

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Backscattering Mueller matrix measurement scheme using the same polarizing–analyzing optics

Swami¹,

Patel²,

Gupta³

2013

J. Opt.

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Mueller matrix measurements are most commonly performed using a set of polarization state generating (PSG) optics and an independent set of polarization state analyzing (PSA) optics. However, for polarized confocal microscopy and polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography it would be advantageous if the same set of polarization optics could be used for both PSG as well as PSA. This has not been possible because, in this configuration, a complete set of incident and analyzer states cannot be generated using polarizers and waveplates alone. In an earlier attempt to address this issue it was shown that by using two Faraday rotators, with independently variable circular retardance, in the polarization optics, complete Mueller matrix measurement can be performed. However, a practical implementation of this approach has proved to be difficult due to the requirement to vary the circular retardance. In this paper we show that by incorporating only one Faraday rotator in the polarization optics, one can generate the complete set of incident and analyzer states required for Mueller matrix measurements without the need to vary the circular retardance of the Faraday rotator.

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GDx-MM: An Imaging Mueller Matrix Retinal Polarimeter

Cited by 4 publications

References 114 publications

Mueller matrix retinal imager with optimized polarization conditions

Mueller matrix retinal imager with optimized polarization conditions

Depolarization properties of the normal human fovea

Backscattering Mueller matrix measurement scheme using the same polarizing–analyzing optics

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