GDi Cold Start Emission Reduction with Heated Fuel

Fedor, William; Kazour, Joseph; Haller, James; Dauer, Kenneth John; Kabasin, Daniel Francis

doi:10.4271/2016-01-0825

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similar observations were established by Huang et al that combining port injection and direction injection schemes [13]. Fedor et al [14] adopted a heated injector strategy combined with multiple injection schemes and found improvements in cold-start combustion characteristics. The work of Yang et al explored flash boiling spray applications under engine cold-start conditions [2,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Investigation of Split Flash Boiling Injection Schemes in a constant volume chamber and an optical GDI engine under lean combustion condition

Sun

Cui

Nour

et al. 2021

ICLASS

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Flash boiling atomization has the potential to enable superior spray atomization and more homogenous fuel-air mixing. These capabilities have been demonstrated in practical combustors such as gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines. However, optimal injection schemes for flash boiling atomization have not been thoroughly investigated yet in the existing literature. In this work, we examined such contents in the aspects of split injection schemes coupled with flash boiling atomization. The impacts were examined firstly by velocity field analysis on single injection flash boiling plumes using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV). Furthermore, an optical reciprocating engine facility was used to study flame characteristics. Spray morphologies in the cylinder were studied, and the velocity field was visualized by the optical flow method. Important combustion characteristics, such as the flame speed and combustion duration, were investigated. Finally, the thermal efficiency under different injection schemes, as well as combustion emissions were quantified and compared to discuss the influence of flash boiling atomization on lean-operated GDI engines.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Investigation of Split Flash Boiling Injection Schemes in a constant volume chamber and an optical GDI engine under lean combustion condition

Sun

Cui

Nour

et al. 2021

ICLASS

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show abstract

“…Following the summation of the distributions A and B, a normalization procedure was necessary to respect the conditions imposed by Eq. (12). Ultimately, the novel probability distribution function, named double-log-normal distribution, assumed the final form:…”

Section: Double-log-normal Distribution Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the resultant composition was normalized so the summation of the molar fractions would be unitary, as defined by Eq. (12). If the molar fraction for at least one carbon number differed more than 60% from the original data, the obtained composition was rejected.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Huang and Hong [19] found a decrease of 43% and 51% in CO and HC emissions, respectively, when heating ethanol by 40 • C in a direct inject (DI) engine, although they observed a slight increase in NO emission. In a DI single-cylinder test using heated gasoline, Fedor et al [12] reached 24% and 53% reductions in HC and particulate emissions, while in a DI engine they found reductions of 27% and 8% for the same pollutants. These results are possible because heating improves the fuel atomization [11,20] and, in the case of DI engines, increases fuel evaporation and reduces over-cooling problems, especially with higher ethanol ratios in the injected fuel [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Discrete model to estimate nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient with gasoline using a double-log-normal distribution function

Netto

Oliveira

Santos

2021

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Heating fuels before injection into internal combustion engines provides benefits related to the reduction of pollutant emissions and the improvement in cold-start performance. Current fuel-heating solutions used in cold-start systems of ethanolfueled engines in Brazil involve nucleate boiling heat transfer and, in order to extend its use to fossil fuels, further studies are required on the heating process of multicomponent mixtures. Because fuels like gasoline, diesel and kerosene consist of several hundred chemical species, estimating their heat transfer coefficient is virtually impossible unless simpler mixtures, known as surrogates, are used to emulate their targeted behavior. Following this strategy,we present in this paper a predictive method to estimate the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient with gasoline. In order to formulate surrogates, probability distribution functions were discretized to ground the choice of components and their respective molar fractions. At first, a traditional gamma distribution function was used but it provided unsatisfying results, so we developed an original one named double-log-normal distribution. Heat transfer coefficients and bubble points estimated at different pressures were compared with experimental data. The best surrogate was a 6-component mixture formulated with the proposed distribution and its application resulted in a 2.3% overall absolute deviation for the heat transfer coefficient estimation at 102 kPa. The model was validated at pressures up to 403 kPa. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the double-log normal distribution showed the estimated nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient is nearly the same regardless of gasoline composition variations.

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“…Apart from this glow plugs and resistive coil heating was also used to preheat the fuel. William Fedor and et al [20] showed that electrically heated and injected fuel rail improve the cold start performance. This system improves fuel vaporization and it is most suitable for ethanol blended fuel cold start operation.…”

Section: Approaches To Reduce Cold Start Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation Of Spray Characterization Of Heater-GDI System

Purushothaman¹

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GDi Cold Start Emission Reduction with Heated Fuel

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Investigation of Split Flash Boiling Injection Schemes in a constant volume chamber and an optical GDI engine under lean combustion condition

Investigation of Split Flash Boiling Injection Schemes in a constant volume chamber and an optical GDI engine under lean combustion condition

Discrete model to estimate nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient with gasoline using a double-log-normal distribution function

Numerical Investigation Of Spray Characterization Of Heater-GDI System

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