Gd‐DTPA<sup>2–</sup>‐enhanced MRI of femoral knee cartilage: A dose‐response study in healthy volunteers

Tiderius, Carl Johan; Olsson, Lars; Verdier, Hans de; Leander, Peter; Ekberg, Olle

doi:10.1002/mrm.1300

Cited by 117 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…For T1, a good correspondence with the results of other research groups is seen (6,9,13,14). In the previous studies the calculated T1 relaxation values ranged from 300 to 580 msec for normal cartilage at 1.5T.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Breuseghem¹,

Palmieri

Peeters

et al. 2005

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To evaluate the influence of Gd-DTPA on cartilage T2 mapping using turbo-mixed (tMIX) imaging, and to show the possible usefulness of the tMIX technique for simultaneously acquiring T1 and T2 information in cartilage. Materials and Methods:Twenty volunteers underwent MRI of the knee using the tMIX sequence before and after gadolinium administration. T1 and T2 maps were calculated. The mean T1 was determined on the pre-and postcontrast T1 maps. T2 relaxation values before and after gadolinium administration were statistically analyzed. Results:The obtained relaxation values are in correspondence with previously published data. The mean T1 before gadolinium administration was 449 msec Ϯ 34.2 msec (SD), and after gadolinium administration it was 357 msec Ϯ 55.8 msec (SD). The postcontrast T1 relaxation range was 221.5-572.8 msec. The mean T2 of the precontrast T2 maps was 34.2 msec Ϯ 3.1 msec (SD), and the mean T2 of the postcontrast T2 maps was 32.5 msec Ϯ 3.1 msec (SD). These are statistically significant different values. A correction for the postcontrast T2 values, using a back-calculation algorithm, yielded a 98% correlation with the precontrast T2 values. Conclusion:The absolute difference of pre-and postcontrast T2 is very small and is ruled out using the backcalculation algorithm. Combined T1-T2 tMIX cartilage mapping is a valuable alternative for separate T1 and T2 cartilage mapping. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI), by virtue of its multiplanar capacity and excellent soft-tissue contrast, is a unique scanning technique for articular cartilage. While the ability to depict the cartilaginous anatomy represents a major advance in the evaluation of chondral abnormalities, a further advantage would be the ability to image and quantify functionally relevant macromolecules within the cartilage itself that are affected by degeneration. Two MRI techniques that have demonstrated promise in this regard are quantitative T2 mapping and T1 mapping after Gd-DTPA administration, known as delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC). Current research suggests that these techniques are complementary, with T2 mapping providing information on structural integrity of the collagen matrix (1-4), and dGEMRIC identifying regions of proteoglycan loss (5-7). The major disadvantages in the application of both techniques are the total length of the scan time needed (approximately 18 minutes) and the geometric mismatch between the acquired images. This geometric mismatch is induced by the technique itself, since T2 mapping is performed before gadolinium administration and dGEMRIC is performed after gadolinium administration. Combining both techniques would resolve this issue, and should deal with the influence of administered gadolinium on T2 mapping. The purpose of our study was to evaluate combined T1-T2 mapping of human cartilage using the turbo-mixed (tMIX) technique (8) and to investigate the influence of administered gadolinium on obtained T2 cartilage maps with this technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS TechniqueThe...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Breuseghem¹,

Palmieri

Peeters

et al. 2005

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Gadolinium based biochemical MRI in the form of dGEMRIC (delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage) has been established as an important modality of articular cartilage imaging (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). dGEMRIC is sensitive to the GAG content in the cartilage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique has been histologically validated (17,18) and previously used in numerous in vivo studies (5,8,9,(12)(13)(14)16) Recently, a fast T1 assessment technique using a dual flip angle (FA) gradient echo (GRE) technique in place of a standard inversion recovery (IR) for T1 mapping has been validated in phantom experiments and has also been used in vivo (10,19). This technique enables faster imaging time and the unique ability of three-dimensional (3D) T1-mapping.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of dGEMRIC in assessment of hip joint cartilage: A prospective study

Bittersohl

Hosalkar

Haamberg

et al. 2009

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To investigate the reproducibility of dGEMRIC in the assessment of cartilage health of the adult asymptomatic hip joint. Materials and Methods:Fifteen asymptomatic volunteers (mean age, 26.3 years Ϯ 3.0) were preliminarily studied. Any volunteer that was incidentally diagnosed with damaged cartilage on MRI (n ϭ 5) was excluded. Ten patients that had no evidence of prior cartilage damage (mean age, 26.2 years Ϯ 3.4) were evaluated further in this study. The reproducibility of dGEMRIC was assessed with two T1 Gd exams performed 4 weeks apart in these volunteers. The protocol involved an initial standard MRI to confirm healthy cartilage, which was then followed by dGEMRIC. The second scan included only the repeat dGEMRIC. Region of interest (ROI) analyses for T1 Gd -measurement was performed in seven radial reformats. Statistical analysis included the student's t-test and intra-class correlation (ICC) measurement to assess reproducibility. Results:Overall 70 ROIs were studied. Mean cartilage T1 Gd values at various loci ranged from 560.9 ms to 684.4 ms at the first set of readings and 551.5 ms to 662.2 ms in the second one. The mean difference per region of interest between the two T1 Gd -measurements ranged from 21.4 ms (3.7%) to 45.0 ms (6.8%), which was not found to be statistically significant (P ϭ 0.153). There was a high reproducibility detected (ICC range, 0.667-0.915). Intra-and Inter-observer analyses proved a high agreement for T1 Gd assessment (0.973 and 0.932). Conclusion:We found dGEMRIC to be a reliable tool in the assessment of cartilage health status in adult hip joints.

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“…Therefore, T 1 -relaxation mapping subsequent to Gd-DTPA 2-administration reflects the underlying tissue charge and GAG content. This technique has been established in vitro (6)(7)(8) and in vivo (5,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Key values of inversion time relaxation that provide information are T 10 (i.e., T 1 prior to contrast administration), T 1Gd (postcontrast T 1 ), and ⌬R 1 that defines the difference in relaxation rate (R 1 ϭ 1/T 1 ) between T 10 and T 1Gd measurements (1/T 1Gd Ϫ 1/T 10 ). According to some studies ⌬R 1 may be a more precise parameter to reflect the Gd-DTPA 2-concentration since precontrast T 1 variations can be factored in (12,13,15). Previous studies in the knee have reported that T 10 values differ minimally in early cartilage degeneration and that there is nearly a linear relationship between GAG content and T 1Gd (5,14,(16)(17)(18), making T 10 assessment in addition to T 1Gd unnecessary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dGEMRIC) of hip joint cartilage in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI): Are pre‐ and postcontrast imaging both necessary?

Bittersohl

Hosalkar

Kim

et al. 2009

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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The purpose of this study was to assess if delayed gadolinium MRI of cartilage using postcontrast T 1 (T 1Gd ) is sufficient for evaluating cartilage damage in femoroacetabular impingement without using noncontrast values (T 10 ). T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 (1/T 1Gd ؊ 1/T 10 ) that include noncontrast T 1 measurements were studied in two grades of osteoarthritis and in a control group of asymptomatic young-adult volunteers. Differences between T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 values for femoroacetabular impingement patients and volunteers were compared. There was a very high correlation between T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 in all study groups. In the study cohort with Tonnis grade 0, correlation (r) was ؊0.95 and ؊0.89 with Tonnis grade 1 and ؊0.88 in asymptomatic volunteers, being statistically significant (P < 0.001) for all groups. For both T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 , a statistically significant difference was noted between patients and control group. Significant difference was also noted for both T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 between the patients with Tonnis grade 0 osteoarthritis and those with grade 1 changes. Our results prove a linear correlation between T 1Gd and ⌬R 1 , suggesting that T 1Gd assessment is sufficient for the clinical utility of delayed gadolinium MRI of cartilage in this setting and additional time-consuming T 10 evaluation may not be needed. Magn Reson Med 62:1362-1367, 2009.

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Gd‐DTPA^2–‐enhanced MRI of femoral knee cartilage: A dose‐response study in healthy volunteers

Cited by 117 publications

References 30 publications

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Reproducibility of dGEMRIC in assessment of hip joint cartilage: A prospective study

Delayed gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dGEMRIC) of hip joint cartilage in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI): Are pre‐ and postcontrast imaging both necessary?

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Gd‐DTPA2–‐enhanced MRI of femoral knee cartilage: A dose‐response study in healthy volunteers

Cited by 117 publications

References 30 publications

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Combined T1‐T2 mapping of human femoro‐tibial cartilage with turbo‐mixed imaging at 1.5T

Reproducibility of dGEMRIC in assessment of hip joint cartilage: A prospective study

Delayed gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dGEMRIC) of hip joint cartilage in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI): Are pre‐ and postcontrast imaging both necessary?

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Gd‐DTPA^2–‐enhanced MRI of femoral knee cartilage: A dose‐response study in healthy volunteers