GC/MS quantification of individual fatty acids of selected green leafy vegetable foliage and their biodiesel attributes

Abstract

The current demand for edible vegetable oil is increasing worldwide, and the development of new sources of high-quality vegetable edible oil is an essential task. There is also a huge demand for biodiesel in domestic and industrial applications, and foliage oils could be a good source for diesel applications. The current study aimed at the identification and quantification of fatty acids from commonly consumed green leafy vegetables (GLVs) viz., Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Basella alba, Basella rubra, and Rumex vesicarius and to calculate the biodiesel attributes of the oil. The total oil content was ascertained as the highest in R. vesicarius foliage (3.91 ± 0.27 g/100 g dry leaf powder). GC/MS chromatographic investigation identified 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid as a significant compound followed by hexadecanoic acid. In Hibiscus spp. C18:3 (49.3 µmol % and 50.4 µmol %) was recorded to be the most noteworthy followed by C16:0 (23.2 µmol % and 21 µmol %) in H. cannabinus and H. sabdariffa, respectively. The GLVs foliage-fatty acid biodiesel attributes were additionally assessed through an empirical formula. Consequently, the overall examined results will be helpful for the investigation of these oils as vegetable oil for human consumption and biodiesel applications.

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

“…Eight prominent signals of the FAME have been detected and identified using library software (NO. NIST02) [76]. Figure S2 depicts a sample mass spectrum of the myristic acid methyl ester (C14H28O2) with significant fragment ions (retention period 12.76 min).…”

“…Eight prominent signals of the FAME have been detected and identified using library software (NO. NIST02) [76]. Figure S2 Based on the chromatogram, the GC-MS analysis of the Azadhiracta indica biodiesel indicates the presence of derivatives, which are chemical compounds derived from seed oil within the fuel.…”