GC-MS Profiling and Biomedical Applications of Essential Oil of Euphorbia larica Boiss.: A New Report

Abstract

The present study explored Euphorbia larica essential oil (ELEO) constituents for the first time, obtained via hydro-distillation by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) profiling. The essential oil was screened in vitro against breast cancer cells, normal cell lines, α-glucosidase, carbonic anhydrase-II (CA-II), free radical scavenging and in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory capabilities. The GC-MS screening revealed that the ELEO comprises sixty compounds (95.25%) with the dominant constituents being camphene (16.41%), thunbergol (15.33%), limonene (4.29%), eremophilene (3.77%), and β-eudesmol (3.51%). A promising antidiabetic capacity was noticed with an IC50 of 9.63 ± 0.22 μg/mL by the ELEO as equated to acarbose with an IC50 = 377.71 ± 1.34 μg/mL, while a 162.82 ± 1.24 μg/mL inhibition was observed against CA-II. Regarding breast cancer, the ELEO offered considerable cytotoxic capabilities against the triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines, having an IC50 = 183.8 ± 1.6 μg/mL. Furthermore, the ELEO was also tested with the human breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cell line, and the findings also presumed that the ELEO did not produce any damage to the tested normal cell lines. The ELEO was effective against the Gram-positive bacteria and offered a 19.8 ± 0.02 mm zone of inhibition (ZOI) against B. atrophaeus. At the same time, the maximum resistance with 18.03 ± 0.01 mm ZOI against the fungal strain Aspergillus parasiticus was observed among the tested fungal strains. An appreciable free radical significance was observed via the DPPH assay with an IC50 = 133.53 ± 0.19 µg/mL as equated to the ABTS assay having an IC50 = 154.93 ± 0.17 µg/mL. The ELEO also offered a substantial analgesic capacity and produced 58.33% inhibition in comparison with aspirin, a 68.47% decrease in writhes, and an anti-inflammatory capability of 65.54% inhibition, as equated to the standard diclofenac sodium having 73.64% inhibition. Hence, it was concluded that the ELEO might be a natural source for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, analgesic, inflammatory, and antimicrobial-related diseases. Moreover, additional phytochemical and pharmacological studies are needed to isolate responsible chemical ingredients to formulate new drugs for the examined activities.

Fisetin's Promising Antitumor Effects: Uncovering Mechanisms and Targeting for Future Therapies

“…21 Fisetin targets the P70S6K and mTOR-protein kinases. 22 It suppresses the growth of human melanoma cells by physically attaching to these kinases, according to research on melanoma monolayer and a 3D model of melanoma skin equivalent. 23 Strong effects on several cancer cell types, including colon, cervical, and breast cancer cells, as well as their growth and spread.…”

Аналіз ліпофільного екстракту плодів коріандру (Coriandrum sativum L.) методом газової хроматографії з мас-детекцією

“…Згідно з даними літератури, якіс ний і кількісний склад терпеноїдів плодів коріандру досить сильно різ ниться залежно від умов і місця зрос тання досліджуваної сировини [6][7][8][9] Вивчення летких компонентів ліпо фільного екстракту плодів коріандру проводили за допомогою методу газо вої хроматографії з масдетекцією [10][11][12]. Леткі сполуки одержували з досліджуваної сировини за методом Клевенджера в пристрої відповідно до вимог ДФУ (2.8.12) [13].…”

Inhibitory Activity Against Rhizoctonia Solani and Chemical Composition of Extract from Moutan Cortex

“…[23][24] For example, the composition analysis of petroleum ether extracts from Bidens Pilosa, Aconitum polycarpum, Azadiracta indica, and Cucurbita pepo; [25][26][27][28] methanolic extracts from Gardenia jaminoides, Hibiscus sabdariffa; [29][30] and the essential oils from Euphorbia larica, Piper mikanianum. [31][32] In this study, we utilized a cold-soaking method and assisted ultrasonic treatment to extract the petroleum ether extract of MC. Subsequently, the chemical composition and content of the extract were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCÀ MS), and the fungicidal properties against R. solani were tested using the growth rate method.…”

“…It has evolved into a standard procedure for researching the ingredients in natural drugs, and it is particularly one of the most significant and widely utilized tools for studying volatile chemicals [23–24] . For example, the composition analysis of petroleum ether extracts from Bidens Pilosa , Aconitum polycarpum , Azadiracta indica , and Cucurbita pepo ; [25–28] methanolic extracts from Gardenia jaminoides , Hibiscus sabdariffa ; [29–30] and the essential oils from Euphorbia larica , Piper mikanianum [31–32] …”