GC—MS analysis of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. growing desolately in South India

Joshi, Rajesh K.

doi:10.1556/1326.2017.29.1.10

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The other parameters were: injector temperature, 230 °C; injection volume, 0.1 μL in n‐ hexane:dichloromethane solution; split ratio 1:50. The mass range was recorded as 40–450 amu at 70 eV . Oil constituents were identified by retention index (RI), determined using linear temperature programme‐based analysis, with n ‐alkanes C 8 –C 25 as a reference, and with similar chromatographic settings on the BP‐1 column.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Chemical disparity in the oil from leaves of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume

Joshi¹

2019

Flavour & Fragrance J

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The hydrodistilled essential oil obtained from leaves of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) collected throughout the year was examined using gas chromatography fitted with flame ionization detector (GC‐FID) and gas chromatography connected with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The variation in essential oil yield was found to be in the range of 1.1–1.4% (w/w). Between 28 and 40 components, representing 97.92 ± 0.15% of the total oil, were identified. The chief compound was identified as eugenol, varying from 60.24 ± 0.42 to 89.82 ± 0.55%. The other constituents were eugenyl acetate (ranging from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 19.87 ± 0.52%), α‐phellandrene (ranging from 0.76 ± 0.04 to 6.23 ± 0.13%), benzyl benzoate (ranging from 0.91 ± 0.05 to 5.03 ± 0.20%), linalool (ranging from 1.11 ± 0.04 to 3.25 ± 0.08%), and β‐caryophyllene (ranging from 0.50 ± 0.01 to 2.92 ± 0.10%). The essential oils collected throughout the year were found to be rich in phenyl derivative constituents (88.49 ± 0.97%). The biosynthesis and conversion of eugenyl acetate to eugenol appeared as the leaves of C. zeylanicum reached maturity. It was noticed that when leaves were immature, in July and August during the full rainy season, the content of eugenyl acetate was found to be highest, as compared with mature leaves in the other months, with the exception of February (flowering season).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The mass range was recorded as 40-450 amu at 70 eV. [28][29][30] Oil constituents were identified by retention index (RI), determined using linear temperature programme-based analysis, 31 with n-alkanes C 8 -C 25 as a reference, and with similar chromatographic settings on the BP-1 column.…”

Section: Analysis Of Essential Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical disparity in the oil from leaves of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume

Joshi¹

2019

Flavour & Fragrance J

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“…The selected plants were again subjected to literature analysis for enumeration of phytochemicals present, mainly through GCMS reports published in reputed peer review journals [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. A primary database of bioactive phytochemicals was prepared using Molecular operating Environment software (MOE version-2015.10-Chemical Computing Group: Montreal, QC, Canada).…”

Section: Primary Database Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Methanogenic Effect of Phytochemicals on Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase—Potential: In Silico and Molecular Docking Studies for Environmental Protection

et al. 2021

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Methane is a greenhouse gas which poses a great threat to life on earth as its emissions directly contribute to global warming and methane has a 28-fold higher warming potential over that of carbon dioxide. Ruminants have been identified as a major source of methane emission as a result of methanogenesis by their respective gut microbiomes. Various plants produce highly bioactive compounds which can be investigated to find a potential inhibitor of methyl-coenzyme M reductase (the target protein for methanogenesis). To speed up the process and to limit the use of laboratory resources, the present study uses an in-silico molecular docking approach to explore the anti-methanogenic properties of phytochemicals from Cymbopogon citratus, Origanum vulgare, Lavandula officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Piper betle, Cuminum cyminum, Ocimum gratissimum, Salvia sclarea, Allium sativum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris. A total of 168 compounds from 11 plants were virtually screened. Finally, 25 scrutinized compounds were evaluated against methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) protein using the AutoDock 4.0 program. In conclusion, the study identified 21 out of 25 compounds against inhibition of the MCR protein. Particularly, five compounds: rosmarinic acid (−10.71 kcal/mol), biotin (−9.38 kcal/mol), α-cadinol (−8.16 kcal/mol), (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-3-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-6-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-one (−12.21 kcal/mol), and 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5decyn4,7diol (−9.02 kcal/mol) showed higher binding energy towards the MCR protein. In turn, these compounds have potential utility as rumen methanogenic inhibitors in the proposed methane inhibitor program. Ultimately, molecular dynamics simulations of rosmarinic acid and (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-3-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-6-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-one yielded the best possible interaction and stability with the active site of 5A8K protein for 20 ns.

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“…37,38 In associate degree of the earlier report, the plant O. gratissimum collected from a blasted dry place of South India, also the oil constituents showed a special chemotype i.e., sesquiterpene compound in a very quiet sensible amount (∼15%) and also the phenylpropanoid, eugenol in ∼57% compare to the reports from another region. 20 The provision of soil water could also be a reason for the synthesis of phenylpropanoid sort of compounds in high amounts. Somehow this study additionally indicates that once less rainwater and/or no rainwater from December to February the quantity of eugenol was low compared to the remainder of the months linking with the previous study.…”

Section: Seasonalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant O. gratissimum has been thoroughly researched worldwide for its chemical composition of essential oils and the numerous solvent fragments containing bioactivities. Many chemotypes − from the essential oil of O. gratissimum gathered from the different regions of the planet indicate numerous components. They are summarized in Table .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity Influenced by Seasonal Variation of Essential Oil Constituents of Ocimum gratissimum L.

Joshi¹

2021

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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In traditional medicine, the plant Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) is employed in neurological specialty and rheumatic affections, in seminal weakness, and aphthae of children. In homeopathy, the recent mature leaves are employed in constipation, cough, fever, nasal catarrh, and additionally in gonorrhea with troublesome urination. The essential oil is obtained by a Clevenger sort equipment from leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) acquired during one year. The chemical composition of the essential oil is examined by exploitation of gas chromatography fitted with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography connected with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The antioxidant activity of oils and eugenol was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) colored persistent radical assay. The yield variation of oil was found to be within the purview of 0.17 to 1.07% (w/w). Thirty-four to 42 known constituents were delineated as 97.27 ± 0.27% of the entire oil. Eugenol was an associated significant compound in inconsistent amounts ranging from 65.65 ± 0.57 to 85.71 ± 0.55%, in accord with modest variations among different constituents. It was ascertained that no rain throughout January and February led to the monoterpene organic compound (Z)-β-ocimene being a rarity in high amounts and eugenol having low amounts. Essential oils of O. gratissimum collected throughout the study year showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values within the purview of 2.04 ± 0.04 to 3.02 ± 0.03 μg/mL. The essential oil gathered in June showed higher antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 2.04 ± 0.04 μg/mL, and that gathered in February showed the lowest IC50 value of 3.02 ± 0.03 μg/mL. The months March to November were favorable for the synthesis of a high quantity of medicinally vital eugenol by O. gratissimum within the range of 81.71 ± 0.34 to 85.71 ± 0.55% with antioxidant activity less than 3.0 μg/mL.

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GC—MS analysis of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. growing desolately in South India

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Chemical disparity in the oil from leaves of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume

Chemical disparity in the oil from leaves of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume

Anti-Methanogenic Effect of Phytochemicals on Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase—Potential: In Silico and Molecular Docking Studies for Environmental Protection

Antioxidant Activity Influenced by Seasonal Variation of Essential Oil Constituents of Ocimum gratissimum L.

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