GC-MS analysis and screening of antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic potential of Cinnamomum tamala oil in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in rats

Abstract

Aim of the studyThis study was made to investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic potential of Cinnamomum tamala, (Buch.-Ham.) Nees & Eberm (Tejpat) oil (CTO) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats along with evaluation of chemical constituents.Materials and methodsThe GC-MS (Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis of the oil showed 31 constituents of which cinnamaldehyde was found the major component (44.898%). CTO and cinnamaldehyde was orally administered to diabetic rats to study its effect in both acute and chronic antihyperglycemic models. The body weight, oral glucose tolerance test and biochemical parameters viz. glucose level, insulin level, liver glycogen content, glycosylated hemoglobin, total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and antioxidant parameters were estimated for all treated groups and compared against diabetic control group.ResultsCTO (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg), cinnamaldehyde (20 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg) in respective groups of diabetic animals administered for 28 days reduced the blood glucose level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. There was significant increase in body weight, liver glycogen content, plasma insulin level and decrease in the blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and total plasma cholesterol in test groups as compared to control group. The results of CTO and cinnamaldehyde were found comparable with standard drug glibenclamide. In vitro antioxidant studies on CTO using various models showed significant antioxidant activity. In vivo antioxidant studies on STZ induced diabetic rats revealed decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased reduced glutathione (GSH).ConclusionThus the investigation results that CTO has significant antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity.

Biochemical and toxicological analysis of Cinnamomum tamala essential oil in Wistar rats

“…However, contradictory results have been obtained for acute toxicity of CTEO. Kumar, Vasudeva, et al () reported that 2,000 mg/kg bw CTEO caused 50% mortality in male Wistar rats. Hence, the aim of the present study was to study for the first time sub‐chronic toxicity of CTEO, extracted from C. tamala leaves, in Wistar rats.…”

“…However, contradictory results have been obtained for acute toxicity of CTEO. Kumar, Vasudeva, et al (2012b) (Kapoor et al, 2008). For decades, C. tamala and its leaves are being used in food and pharmaceutical preparation (Chanotiya et al, 2010).…”

“…The leaves are used to treat rheumatism, colic problems, diarrhea, and suppression of lochia after childbirth (Kirtikar & Basu, ). Besides its use in traditional medicine and Indian cookery, the leaves of C. tamala have been reported to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant (Chakraborty & Das, ), antidiarrheal (Rao, Vijayakumar, Sairam, & Kumar, ), antihyperlipidemic (Dhulasavant, Shinde, Pawar, & Naikwade, ), antioxygenic (Semwal, Sharma, & Arya, ), anti‐inflammatory (Gambhire, Juvekar, & Wankhede, ), acaricidal (Reddy, Srinivasa, & Muralidhara, ), hepatoprotective (Kumar, Vasudeva, & Sharma, ), gastroprotective (Eswaran et al, ), antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities (Chaurasia, Pandey, & Tripathi, ). The C. tamala leaf essential oil (CTEO) commonly contains α‐linalool (3,7‐dimethylocta‐1,6‐dien‐3‐ol), α‐pinene (2,6,6‐trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept‐2‐ene), β‐pinene (6,6‐dimethyl‐2‐methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes), limonene (1‐methyl‐4‐prop‐1‐en‐2‐ylcyclohexene), camphene (2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes), eugenol (2‐methoxy‐4‐prop‐2‐enylphenol), β‐caryophyllene (4,11,11‐trimethyl‐8‐methylidenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec‐4‐ene), p‐cymene (1‐methyl‐4‐propan‐2‐ylbenzene) and geraniol (3,7‐dimethylocta‐2,6‐dien‐1‐ol) among other compounds (Chanotiya & Yadav, ; Kumar, Sharma, & Vasudeva, ; Pubchem).…”

To Investigate Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Potential of Safrole in Rodents by in-vivo and in-vitro Study

“…Organic layer was separated out and absorbance was measured at 532 nm using double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer (systronics 2203, Bangalore, India) against a blank. MDA values are calculated using the extinction coeffi cient of MDA-thiobarbituric acid complex 1.56 × 105 l/mol × cm and expressed as N mol/ mg protein [ 14 ] .…”

Vitamin D Supplementation does not Effect Adiposity in Healthy Adults

“…In meta-analysis of observational studies until April 2014 in PubMed/Medline, an association between obesity and Vitamin D was found, irrespective of age, latitude and cut-offs to define vitamin D deficiency [22]. BMI was strongly associated with plasma 25(OH)D and PTH concentrations with possible contribution of plasma 25(OH)D in the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia through inflammation, because the association disappeared when uCRP (ultrasensitive C Reactive Protein) was introduced as covariable [9]. 25OHD low levels and unfavorable lipid patterns has been found in children too [25].…”