GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Potential of the Stem and Leaf Extracts of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Hemiparasite on Shorea roxburghii G. Don and Cassia fistula L.

Abstract

Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. (Kafak mamung) is a hemiparasitic plant utilized for several ethnopharmacological and medicinal purposes. However, the hemiparasitic plant vary in correlation with the species from host plant, due to variation in the compound's profiles. This study was aimed to determine the compounds contained in leaf and stem extracts from various host plants. Soxhlet extraction was used to prepare crude extracts using ethanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. Phytochemical profiles of the stem and leaf were analyzed by GC-MS to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), while antioxidant activities were examined using DPPH and ABTS assays. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry showed that ethanol extract of D. pentandra hemiparasite stem growing on Shorea roxburghii had the highest TPC (398.45± 2.49 mg GAE/g extract) and DPPH assays 88.518± 0.339%. Chemical analysis using GC-MS revealed the presence of 14 compounds including 9-octadecanamide (Z)-, hexadecanamide and octadecanamide. The phytochemical profiles of the compounds identified in the extracts of D. pentandra showed that this plant has a potential for future health promotion.