GC Gene Polymorphisms and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Levels Are Related to the Risk of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis

Abstract

Objective. To explore whether GC (group-specific component) rs17467825, rs4588, and rs7041 polymorphisms are associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Methods. This case-control study recruited 372 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (group AgP) and 133 periodontal healthy subjects (group HP). GC rs17467825, rs4588, and rs7041 genotypes and plasmatic vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) were measured. Analysis of single SNP and multiple SNPs was performed and relevance between plasmatic DBP and haplotypes was analyzed. Results. GC rs17467825 GG genotype was statistically associated with lower risk for generalized aggressive periodontitis under the recessive model (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30–0.92, p = 0.028). GC rs17467825 and rs4588 had strong linkage disequilibrium with r 2 ≥ 0.8 and D′ ≥ 0.8. Haplotype (GC rs17467825, rs4588) GC was associated with the less risk for generalized aggressive periodontitis (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09–0.96, p = 0.043). In group AgP, individuals with combined genotype (GC rs17467825, rs4588) AG+CA had significantly lower plasmatic DBP level than those with the other two combined genotypes (AG+CA versus AA+CC p = 0.007; AG+CA versus GG+AA p = 0.026). Conclusions. GC rs17467825 genotype GG and haplotype (GC rs17467825, rs4588) GC are associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis. The association may be acquired through regulating DBP levels. The functions of GC gene and DBP in inflammatory disease need to be further studied.

Impact of genetic influence on serum total- and free 25-hydroxyvitamin-D in humans

“…We confirmed the role of rs4588 and found a non-significant association between rs7041 and DBP levels. [30,31] We also report statistically significant associations between rs17467825 and rs2209314 and DBP levels. Rs17467825 is located in the 3′-UTR region of the GC gene and is in strong linkage disequilibrium with causal functional variants affecting the mRNA stability of DBP [32].…”

“…Rs17467825 is located in the 3′-UTR region of the GC gene and is in strong linkage disequilibrium with causal functional variants affecting the mRNA stability of DBP [32]. Song W. et al reported that this SNP is in a haplotype block with rs7041 and rs4588 and affected DBP levels in a periodontitis patient group [31].…”

Serum Nutrient Levels and Aging Effects on Periodontitis

“…Numerous reports have linked increased levels of vitamin D with minimizing tooth loss resulting from periodontitis [90,91,92,93,94,95,96]. Additionally, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms [97] and for vitamin D binding protein appear to have some impact on increasing the risk for periodontitis [98,99]. Research has also found that patients with low serum vitamin D levels, exhibited healing from periodontal surgery was adversely affected [100].…”

Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis

“…Table summarizes the results derived from 22 studies. In total, 30 loci and genes were identified in which one or several genetic variants were associated with AgP (Table ) . Studies were based either on candidate‐gene approach (CGA) or genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) (Table ).…”