Gaussian beam divergence using paraxial approximation

Abstract

Gaussian beam intensity follows a normal distribution curve in free space. As it propagates, the divergence and the width increase with distance. Using paraxial approximation, the effect of the distance on the intensity, width, radius of curvature and divergence was investigated. Matlab software was used for characteristics parameters calculation. The divergence angle range (26.67 4mm, and compared with the divergence angle range (43 for the distance between 3mm and 4.5mm. The result obtained in this work indicates smaller angles of divergence that can produce a better beam quality and intensity. Finally, this will serve as a great importance for application such as pointing, free space optical communication etc. Keyword: Gaussian beam, Paraxial approximation, Beam divergence, Normal distributio curve.Recently, free-space optical (FSO) systems are competitively being installed as broad band access communication links. Depending on the application, a laser beam with a different shape may have favorable characteristics over a , November, 2018Gaussian beam intensity follows a normal distribution curve in free space . As it propagates, the divergence and the width increase with distance. Using paraxial approximation, the distance on the intensity, width, radius of curvature and divergence was investigated. Matlab software was used for characteristics parameters calculation. The divergence angle range (26.67 0 35.85 0 ) was obtained at a distance between 3mm and 4mm, and compared with the divergence angle range (43 0 53 0 ) obtained experimentally for the distance between 3mm and 4.5mm. The result obtained in this work indicates smaller hat can produce a better beam quality and intensity. Finally, this will serve as a great importance for application such as pointing, free space optical

Theoretical Approach of the Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves through Carbon Nanotubes and Behaviour of Carbon Nanotubes as Capacitor Using Electric Hertz Potential

“…Gaussian beam is increased from 0mm to 2:99 Â 10 9 mm for the propagation distance 0 mm to 12 mm. Therefore, the radius of curvature represents the linear variation with distance [10].…”

“…P(z) gives the information to the phases of the waves. If q 0 is real then we have (Figures 12-18) [10];…”

“…The better beam quality and intensity is represented by the smaller angle of divergence. The propagation distance leads to intensity, spot size, radius of curvature and divergence [10].…”

“…(58) and (59) repersents divergence angle range 27:67 0 ≤ θ ≤ 35:85 0 ðÞ at the distance 3 mm to 4.5 mm. The divergence and the propagation distance are proportional to each other[10].…”