Gathering in the dunes. Seeds and fruits from the Gravettian levels of Cova de les Cendres (Teulada-Moraira, Alicante, Spain)

Varea, Carmen María Martínez

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102540

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Among the levels included in this work, only levels XVIA and XV were completely analysed for reproductive remains (seeds and fruits) (Martínez‐Varea, 2019, forthcoming). There, 27 192 remains and 5110 remains, respectively, were recovered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the studied zone, the area of Cova de les Cendres stands out because of the concentration of a large number of biotopes in its surroundings (Fig. 6), thanks to the nearby presence of both mountain or forest areas and the coast, specifically the dunes or the dune slacks, as the analysed macroremains reveal (Martínez‐Varea, 2019, forthcoming). Indeed, the coast always enhances the diversity of ecological associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Could the central‐eastern Iberian Mediterranean region be defined as a refugium? Fauna and flora in MIS 5–3 and their implications for Palaeolithic human behaviour

Real

Varea

Carrión

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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Neanderthals and modern humans from the Early Upper Palaeolithic had a highly developed knowledge of their environment, where they found the essential resources for their subsistence. Therefore, changes in the local landscape and available resources should have influenced their behaviour, as indicated by faunal and plant remains recovered from archaeological sites. In the central‐eastern Iberian Mediterranean region, the archaeological sites of Cova Negra, Abrigo de la Quebrada, Cova de les Malladetes and Cova de les Cendres have provided wood charcoal, seeds and fauna. The combination of these data allows an accurate reconstruction of the regional landscape from MIS 5 to the beginning of MIS 2. The available evidence suggests that this region could be defined as a refugium in which biodiversity persisted. This type of refugium, containing a high diversity of biotopes and some endemic species, which has lasted until the present day, can be seen at a regional scale, but also locally, especially near the coast. These special characteristics of the region – relatively stable climatic conditions with oscillations mainly in aridity and humidity, and a high diversity of flora and fauna – could explain the high density of Palaeolithic sites throughout Middle and Upper Palaeolithic here.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could the central‐eastern Iberian Mediterranean region be defined as a refugium? Fauna and flora in MIS 5–3 and their implications for Palaeolithic human behaviour

Real

Varea

Carrión

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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“…[ 4 , 5 , 111 – 117 ]). The record of one macroremain (grain) of mountain rye at Cova de les Cendres (Alicante, Eastern Iberia) indicates the presence of this species in the Late Gravettian [ 118 ]. Thus, and despite the actual information concerning the natural range of mountain rye does not cover all Iberian regions where earlier pollen remains were found (see Rye in Iberia–The pollen evidence), an eventual association with this wild rye is admissible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The introduction and spread of rye (Secale cereale) in the Iberian Peninsula

et al. 2023

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Some of the earliest Western European macroremains of rye (Secale cereale) have been recently recovered in Northwest Iberia. However, the chronological and cultural contexts of these remains have not been yet exhaustively analysed. To address this gap of research, previous and unpublished assemblages have been reviewed and analysed through an analytical set of methods: biometry, radiocarbon dates and integrating the remains of rye in the broad archaeobotanical record of the region. Results show the earliest macroremains of rye in the Iberian Peninsula date to a period between the 3rd century and the first half of the 1st century BCE. Rye was usually found in assemblages dominated by spelt and other cereals, in whose fields it was likely acting as a weed. There is no record of rye for about the two following centuries, after which it is probably reintroduced, now as a crop. It is found in several sites from the 3rd-4th centuries CE onwards, suggesting it is a staple crop as in other regions in Europe. Significant differences in grain size are only recorded in a 10th-11th century settlement, suggesting few changes in grain morphometry before Medieval times.

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“…Thus, vast steppes and a parkland mosaic do not only exist during cold stages (MIS 6, MIS 4, MIS 2). By contrast, pine, oak and especially juniper savannahs spread during the climate amelioration phases such as MIS 5e, MIS 5c, MIS 5a, some intervals of MIS 3 and the Holocene (González-Sampériz et al, 2010, 2020Aranbarri et al, 2014). The inertial nature of conifer formations, surprisingly led by junipers during MIS 5 (as occurred in mid-Pleistocene inner Iberian palynological sequences) and later by pines, resisting competitive displacement by oaks (both evergreen and semi-deciduous), mesophytes or Mediterranean taxa, demonstrates the intense resilience of vegetation formations in Iberia, which is also seen in inner regions such as the Villarquemado area.…”

Section: Conifer Forests and Savannahs In Continental Territoriesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Iberian Neanderthals in forests and savannahs

Ochando

Amorós

Carrión

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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This article aims to delve into the reality of glacial refuges of forests and tree species (including conifers, mesothermophilous angiosperms and xerothermic scrub) during the cold dry phases of the Iberian Pleistocene in which there is evidence of occupation of Middle Palaeolithic people. The research framework focuses on the eastern sector of the Iberian Peninsula due to the physiographic, palaeobotanical and archaeological peculiarities, substantiated by recent studies. We contend that some Neanderthal occupations developed in the context of high geobiological complexity, high biological diversity and highly structured forest ecosystems. We highlight the importance of glacial refuges as local anomalies that, however, would be contingent on vegetational development, and on the survival of Palaeolithic groups in areas with a broad diversity of natural resources.

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Gathering in the dunes. Seeds and fruits from the Gravettian levels of Cova de les Cendres (Teulada-Moraira, Alicante, Spain)

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Could the central‐eastern Iberian Mediterranean region be defined as a refugium? Fauna and flora in MIS 5–3 and their implications for Palaeolithic human behaviour

Could the central‐eastern Iberian Mediterranean region be defined as a refugium? Fauna and flora in MIS 5–3 and their implications for Palaeolithic human behaviour

The introduction and spread of rye (Secale cereale) in the Iberian Peninsula

Iberian Neanderthals in forests and savannahs

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