Gastroprotective potential of methanolic extract and dimethyl cardamonin from Campomanesia reitziana fruits in mice

Abstract

This study evaluated the gastroprotective potential of methanolic extract from fruits of Campomanesia reitziana (MECR) and its isolated chalcone dimethyl cardamonin (DMC). The phenolic compound in the extract, and the free radical scavenging activity of MECR and DMC, were quantified. The gastroprotective activity of MECR (30-300 mg/kg, p.o) and DMC (1 and 3 mg/kg, p.o) was determined by ethanol/HCl-induced gastric ulcers in mice. Histological, histochemical, and biochemical analyses were performed in the ulcerated tissue. MECR showed a high content of phenolic compounds, including DMC, and was able to scavenge DPPH radicals by 29.58% at 1000 μg/mL. However, DCM (1-1000 μg/mL) did not reduce DPPH radicals. Pre-treatment with MECR at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg reduced the gastric lesions by 35.07 and 79.47%, respectively (ulcerated-vehicle group 10.72 ± 0.88 mm). Moreover, the extract increased the mucin content by 1044.44% and superoxide dismutase activity by 20.04%, and decreased the lipoperoxide levels by 39.39%, compared to the ulcerated-vehicle group (0.27 ± 0.04 pixels × 10/field; 57.37 ± 1.59 U SOD/mg of protein and 29.57 ± 2.99 mmol LOOH/mg of tissue, respectively). However, MECR did not prevent the depletion of reduced glutathione or the decrease in catalase activity. Pre-treatment with DMC, at 1 and 3 mg/kg, also reduced the gastric ulcers by 53.83 and 52.64%, respectively. In summary, these findings confirm the gastroprotective activity of MECR and DMC, and open an interesting field concerning the gastroprotective potential of dimethyl cardamonin, given its potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity already described.

Emerging roles of cardamonin, a multitargeted nutraceutical in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases

“…This compound is characterized by the presence of an α, β-unsaturated ketone with two aromatic rings. The analogs of CD identified are 2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy chalcone (DHMC), and 4,4′-dihydroxylchalcone (DHC) ( de Oliveira Cabral et al., 2017 ; He et al., 2014 ) ( Fig. 1 ).…”

Campomanesia genus – a literature review of nonvolatile secondary metabolites, phytochemistry, popular use, biological activities, and toxicology

“…Few biological activities are described for C. reitziana and C. lineatifolia. C. reitziana showed antinociceptive and gastroprotective potential, and C. lineatifolia demonstrated anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects 21,48,49 .…”

Mechanistic insights into dimethyl cardamonin-mediated pharmacological effects: A double control of the AMPK-HMGB1 signaling axis

“…DMC has shown hepatoprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced liver injury by alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis process in human hepatocytes L02 cells [ 18 ]. The gastroprotective activity of DMC and DMC-containing extracts is knowledgeable [ 9 , 19 ].…”

“…This plant is a rich source of bioactive compounds including acetophenones, chalcones, flavones and triterpenoids [ [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] ]. DMC has been isolated also from totally distinct plants, such as Cyclosorus parasiticus [ 7 ], Myrica serrata [ 8 ], Campomanesia reitziana [ 9 ], Eugenia aquea [ 10 ], Luma gayana (Barn.) Burret [ 11 ] and the shrub Psorothamnus polydenius ( S. Watson ) Rydb., also known as Dalea polyadenia (or the smoke bush), which grows in the desert of the Colorado plateau and other desertic regions in North America [ 12 ].…”