Gastroprotective Effect of Borago Extracts against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Abstract

Gastric ulcer stays one of the perilous sicknesses in the world. In spite of the fact that there are numerous medications utilized for the treatment of gastric ulcer, the vast majority of these deliver a few adverse impacts. The aim of this investigation was to assess the antiulcer effects of Borago (Borago officinalis L) leaves extract (BL), flowers extract (BF) and the mixture of leaves and flowers extracts (Mix) against gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin in rats and compared with ranitidine as a reference drug. Gastric ulceration was stimulated by indomethacin at one dose (30 mg/kg b.w. Intraperitoneal (i.p)). BL and BF were administered orally at two doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w, Mix was given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. and ranitidine at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. for three weeks before the injection of indomethacin. The results appeared that indomethacin significantly decreased pH value, mucin content, catalase activity (CAT) and nitric oxide (NO), while, increased ulcer index, total acidity, free acidity and malondialdehyde (MDA) comparing with control group.While, pretreatment with Borago extracts provided a significant decrease in ulcer index, total acidity,free acidity, MDA, and associated with a significant rise in pH value, mucin content, CAT and NO compared to indomethacin group. The protection provided by the extracts of Borago is similar to ranitidine. Histological studies of stomach mucosa affirmed these outcomes. Borago has protective against indomethacin which caused gastric ulcer because of it contains antioxidant properties. The results of the present suggest that Borago can be utilized against gastric ulcer impacts as well as to decrease antagonist drugs adverse effects.

Protective Effects of Borago officinalis (Borago) on Cold Restraint Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats: A Pilot Study

“…These effects seem to be due to the antioxidant properties of phenolic glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins present in the extracts. In our experimental stress-induced gastric ulcer model, the Borago extracts were able to significantly protect the gastric mucosa from the stress damage, confirming the finding of Gazwi and Mahmoud ( 17 ). In particular, we showed that all the extracts were able to decrease the severity and the number of stress ulcers.…”

“…Recently, it has been reported that Borago officinalis extracts may have a gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers ( 17 ). These effects seem to be due to the antioxidant properties of phenolic glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins present in the extracts.…”

“…The concentration of the aforementioned extracts was chosen based on previous papers ( 17 , 27 – 29 ).…”

“…Recently, Gazwi and Mahmoud showed a protective effect of Borago against gastric ulcers induced by indomethacin. This effect was attributed to the antioxidant properties of the plant due to its content of polyphenols ( 17 ). Borago officinalis L. (Borago) is an annual herbaceous plant originating from the Mediterranean area and nowadays cultivated in the northern hemisphere but also in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and South America for its seed oil.…”

“…As for Borago constituents, tannins, resins, ascorbic acid, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, silicic acid, flavonoids, coumarins, and several polyphenolic (caffeic, rosmarinic, and chlorogenic acid) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid compounds have been detected ( 18 , 25 , 26 ). Based on recent observations on indomethacin-induced ulcers ( 17 ), we decided to investigate the possible effects of Borago in preventing physical (stress)-induced gastric ulcers in a rat model.…”