Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Review

Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GIST has undergone outstanding development in how they are presented, classified, assessed, diagnosed and treated over the last decade. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) account for nearly less than 3% of all malignant GI tumours. The clinical presentation can differ depending on its location, tumour size and aggressiveness of the tumour. In this comprehensive review, we talk regarding the epidemiology, clinical features and diagnostic modalities for GIST. We also discuss our view regarding the treatment options for early stage, locally advanced and metastatic GIST. Indications for neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy along with time of therapy are also explained. A concise discussion of most recent biomarkers is also provided. Keywords: GIST, Leiomyoma, Leiomyosarcoma, Leiomyoblastoma, Stromal tumours, Mesenchymal neoplasm.