Gastrointestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Colorectal Cancer: The Implication of Probiotics

Abstract

The complexity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)’s pathophysiology is such that microbial dysbiosis in the lung and gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota may be involved in its pathogenic process. GI microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with respiratory disorders, including COVID-19, as well as sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) through imbalanced microbiota and compromised immune response. It is pertinent to understand the possible role of probiotics in stabilizing the microbial environment and maintaining the integrity of the respiratory and GI tracts in SARS-CoV-2 induced dysbiosis and colorectal carcinogenesis. The long-term implication of SARS-CoV-2 in GI dysbiosis via microbiota-gut-lung cross-talk could increase the risk of new CRC diagnosis or worsen the condition of previously diagnosed individuals. Recent knowledge shows that the immune-modulatory response to probiotics is shifting the beneficial use of probiotics towards the treatment of various diseases. In this review, we highlight the potential impact of probiotics on SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with CRC through microbiota imbalance in COVID-19 patients.

More Liver Metastases Detected Intraoperatively Indicates Worse Prognosis for Colorectal Liver Metastases Patients after Resection Combined with Microwave Ablation

“…Moreover, tumor biological behavior may contribute to more liver metastases in surgery than preoperative image. Though the complex interplay between cancer cells and their microenvironment constituents remains to be elusive, it is acknowledged that gut microbiota promotes tumor metastasis in the colorectal cancer [ 23 – 25 ]. Disease progression during the waiting period indicates nonresponse to preoperative chemotherapy and more aggressive malignant feature.…”

Role of Perirectal Fat in the Carcinogenesis and Development of Early-Onset Rectal Cancer

“…Clarifying the molecular mechanisms of PFA on EORC risk is an important strategy for preventing the increasing trend of EORC. Multiple studies had proven that microbiota dysbiosis plays a vital role in obesity, tumorigenesis, growth, immunity dysregulation, diagnosis, and chemotherapy sensitivity in CRC and EOCRC [ 49 , 50 ]. The administration of probiotics may help microbiota to recover and reduce the incidence of obesity and CRC [ 49 ].…”

“…Multiple studies had proven that microbiota dysbiosis plays a vital role in obesity, tumorigenesis, growth, immunity dysregulation, diagnosis, and chemotherapy sensitivity in CRC and EOCRC [ 49 , 50 ]. The administration of probiotics may help microbiota to recover and reduce the incidence of obesity and CRC [ 49 ]. Diet could influence the intestinal microbiota and regulate the carcinogenesis of CRC [ 51 ].…”

Hepatic Disorders and COVID-19: From Pathophysiology to Treatment Strategy

“…In fact, adjusting the gut microbiota is a suitable and safe therapeutic approach to prevent disorders caused by the disease COVID-19 [ 34 ]. In this regard, Odun-Ayo and Reddy have reported that the administration of probiotics in the SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a normal balance in the intestinal microbiota and thus reduces the possibility of opportunistic and bacterial infections during the COVID-19 disease [ 38 ]. In other words, the administration of various antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals, as well as systemic corticosteroids, leads to hepatotoxic effects, which can be considered one of the possible components in the pathophysiological process of liver damage in COVID-19 patients [ 39 , 40 ].…”