Gastrointestinal Diseases in Pregnancy

Body, Cameron B.; Christie, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2016.02.005

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The possible explanation for the reduced metabolite absorption would be the potentially decreased GIT contractility. Studies had suggested the progressively rises in pregnancy hormones such as progesterone and abdominal compression from the enlarging gravid uterus during gestation would lead to decreased GIT contractility (Body and Christie, 2016 ). In comparison to a growing body of evidence indicating that high fiber–LFD are characterized by the presence of higher amounts of fecal SCFA than diets with lower fiber content (De Filippo et al, 2010 ; Cuervo et al, 2013 ; Heinritz et al, 2016 ), our results align with those obtained by Paßlack et al ( 2015 ) who did not detect any significant effects of inulin inclusion on total SCFA and its constituents in feces of sows during gestation and lactation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Inulin in Improving Maternal Health in a Pregnant Sow Model

et al. 2017

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General consumption of “western diet” characterized by high refined carbohydrates, fat and energy intake has resulted in a global obesity epidemics and related metabolic disturbance even for pregnant women. Pregnancy process is accompanied by substantial hormonal, metabolic and immunological changes during which gut microbiota is also remarkably remodeled. Dietary fiber has been demonstrated to have a striking role in shifting the microbial composition so as to improve host metabolism and health in non-pregnant individuals. The present study was conducted to investigate effects of adding a soluble dietary fiber inulin (0 or 1.5%) to low- or high- fat (0 or 5% fat addition) gestational diet on maternal and neonatal health and fecal microbial composition in a sow model. Results showed that inulin addition decreased the gestational body weight gain and fat accumulation induced by fat addition. Circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, adipokine leptin and chemerin were decreased by inulin supplementation. Inulin addition remarkably reduced the average BMI of newborn piglets and the within litter BMI distributions (%) ranging between 17 and 20 kg/m2, and increased the BMI distribution ranging between 14 and 17 kg/m2. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region showed that fecal microbial changes at different taxonomic levels triggered by inulin addition predisposed the pregnant sow to be thinner and lower inflammatory. Meanwhile, fecal microbial composition was also profoundly altered by gestation stage with distinct changes occurring at perinatal period. Most representative volatile fatty acid (VFA) producing-related genera changed dramatically when reaching the perinatal period and varied degrees of increases were detected with inulin addition. Fecal VFA concentrations failed to show any significant effect with dietary intervention, however, were markedly increased at perinatal period. Our findings indicate that positive microbial changes resulted by 1.5% soluble fiber inulin addition would possibly be the potential mechanisms under which maternal body weight, metabolic and inflammatory status and neonatal BMI were improved. Besides, distinct changes of microbial community at perinatal period indicated the mother sow is undergoing a catabolic state with increased energy loss and inflammation response at that period compared with other stages of gestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Inulin in Improving Maternal Health in a Pregnant Sow Model

et al. 2017

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“…The exact mechanism, however, for how elevated levels of hCG leads to hyperemesis is unclear. High levels of estradiol may be implicated, whereas another proposed mechanism involves the stimulatory effect of hCG on the secretory pathways in the upper GI tract [89] , albeit a decreased gastric tone and motility due to elevations in progesterone in pregnancy may also be involved.…”

Section: Hyperthyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign thyroid disease in pregnancy: A state of the art review

Tingi

Syed

Kyriacou

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology

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“…Nausea and vomiting are the most frequent medical conditions during pregnancy, affecting 50-80% of women [ 4 ]. These symptoms begin between the 4 th and 6 th week, peak at the 8 th to 12 th , and often cease by the 20 th [ 4 ]. Peak symptoms and drug administration often coincide with the most susceptible period to teratogenic effects.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact mechanism of nausea and vomiting is not completely understood. It is believed that progesterone has an inhibitory effect on the smooth muscle of the pylorus and small bowel, decreasing gastrointestinal motility and delaying gastric emptying [ 4 ]. Multiple and molar pregnancies have been associated with more prevalent and severe symptoms, which can be explained by higher levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) [ 5 ].…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal diseases during pregnancy: what does the gastroenterologist need to know?

Gomes

Sousa

Lourenço

et al. 2018

aog

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Pregnancy is characterized by numerous physiological changes that may lead to a diversity of symptoms and frequently to gastrointestinal complaints, such as heartburn, nausea and vomiting, or constipation. Chronic gastrointestinal diseases require treatment maintenance during this period, raising the challenging question whether outcomes beneficial to the mother may be harmful for the fetus. In addition, certain diseases, such as acute fatty liver of pregnancy, only develop during pregnancy and may require urgent procedures, such as fetus delivery. Even though they are not present in our day-to-day practice, knowledge of pregnancy-related diseases is fundamental and collaboration between gastroenterologists and obstetricians is often necessary. Herein, we review pregnancy-related diseases and systematize the most appropriate treatment choices according to the recent literature and guidelines, so that the article can serve as a guide to the gastroenterologist regarding the medical approach to pregnancy-related gastrointestinal and liver diseases and their therapeutic management.

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Gastrointestinal Diseases in Pregnancy

Cited by 94 publications

References 20 publications

Microbial Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Inulin in Improving Maternal Health in a Pregnant Sow Model

Microbial Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Inulin in Improving Maternal Health in a Pregnant Sow Model

Benign thyroid disease in pregnancy: A state of the art review

Gastrointestinal diseases during pregnancy: what does the gastroenterologist need to know?

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