Gastrointestinal diseases and their impact on drug solubility: Celiac disease

Clinical translation of advanced colonic drug delivery technologies

“…Moreover, GI disease can affect colonic physiology and function, and in turn affect drug behaviour and performance in patients [40][41][42][43][44]. For example, colonic pH is known to be reduced in IBD patients; changes to the epithelium and its transporters occur in colorectal cancer; and numerous diseases alter colonic transit time [9,45,46].…”

“…In addition, patients with IBD display up to 20% longer small intestinal transit times [48], differing fluid volumes with constipation and/or diarrhoea, a higher colonic epithelial permeability [49], colonic inflammation [50] and reduced surface mucus [51]. An increasing body of research has reported that systemic diseases indirectly related to the GI tract such as cystic fibrosis, Parkinson's disease, diabetes mellitus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chronic pain can also influence gut function [40][41][42][43][44].…”