Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Probiotics: A Systematic Review

Cheng, Jing; Ouwehand, Arthur C.

doi:10.3390/nu12010132

Cited by 45 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Traditionally, probiotics was thought bene cial to prevent gastrointestinal disorders such as acute gastroenteritis, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, or necrotising enterocolitis (28). However, no broad consensus exists to recommend the use of probiotics in the prevention of GER.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

Hu¹,

Fu²,

Zhang³

2020

Preprint

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Background Because of immature development, preterm infants are prone to respiratory and digestive symptoms of dyspnea, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia. These symptoms are often observed in infants with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). However, the relationship between GER and these symptoms remain unclear.Methods A cohort of 61 preterm infants born at 32 weeks of gestation or earlier with respiratory or digestive symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. All the preterm infants underwent 24-hour pH-multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring. Clinical data were analyzed using logistic regression analyses.Results Among the 61 symptomatic preterm infants, 34 were positive for pathologic GER with a prevalence of 55.7%. The GER associated symptoms included apnea (42.6%), cyanosis (19.7%), vomiting (14.8%), pneumonia (9.8%), and poor weight gain (13.1%). These respiratory and digestive symptoms were more frequent in infants with pathologic GER than in those without. (p<0.05) The risk factors for GER included severe BPD (odds ratio [OR], 6.890; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.125-42.209). Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds reduced the risk of GER (odds ratio [OR], 0.642; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.457-0.901, p<0.05; OR, 0.234, 95% CI, 0.069-0.794, p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of GER is high in the symptomatic preterm infants. GER aggravates the respiratory and digestive symptoms holding that not all the symptoms are GER associated. Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds can decrease the prevalence of GER.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

Hu¹,

Fu²,

Zhang³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Traditionally, probiotics were thought to prevent gastrointestinal disorders, such as acute gastroenteritis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, or necrotizing enterocolitis (28). However, no broad consensus exists to recommend the use of probiotics in the prevention of GER.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

Zhang

2020

Preprint

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Objectives Because of immature development, preterm infants are prone to respiratory and digestive symptoms, such as dyspnea, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia. These symptoms are often observed in infants with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). However, the relationship between GER and these symptoms remains unclear.Methods A cohort of 61 preterm infants born at 32 weeks of gestation or earlier with respiratory or digestive symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. All the preterm infants underwent 24-hour pH-multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring. Clinical data were analyzed using logistic regression analyses.Results Among the 61 symptomatic preterm infants, 34 were positive for pathologic GER with a prevalence of 55.7%. The GER-associated symptoms included apnea (42.6%), cyanosis (19.7%), vomiting (14.8%), pneumonia (9.8%), and poor weight gain (13.1%). These respiratory and digestive symptoms were more frequent in infants with pathologic GER than in those without (p<0.05). The risk factors for GER included severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 6.890; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.125-42.209). Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds reduced the risk of GER (OR, 0.642; 95% CI, 0.457-0.901, p<0.05; OR, 0.234, 95% CI, 0.069-0.794, p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of GER is high in symptomatic preterm infants. GER aggravates the respiratory and digestive symptoms; however, such symptoms are not always GER-associated. Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds can decrease the prevalence of GER.

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“…Daily supplementation of maltosyl-isomaltooligosaccharides as a prebiotic for lactobacilli led to a significant improvement of symptoms in patients with chronic GERD [ 124 ]. A systematic review suggested probiotics led to a similar improvement in GERD symptoms [ 125 ]. However, it has been noted that studies with improved internal validity are warranted to confirm the efficacy of probiotics in GERD [ 125 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Potential Of Esophageal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Gillespie

Rai

Agrawal

et al. 2021

Biology

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Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is associated with poor overall five-year survival. The incidence of esophageal cancer is on the rise, especially in Western societies, and the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which EAC develops are of extreme interest. Several studies have proposed that the esophageal microbiome may play an important role in the pathophysiology of EAC, as well as its precursors—gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett’s esophagus (BE). Gastrointestinal microbiomes altered by inflammatory states have been shown to mediate tumorigenesis directly and are now being considered as novel targets for both cancer treatment and prevention. Elucidating molecular mechanisms through which the esophageal microbiome potentiates the development of GERD, BE, and EAC will provide a foundation on which new therapeutic targets can be developed. This review summarizes current findings that elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which microbiota promote the pathogenesis of GERD, BE, and EAC, revealing potential directions for additional research on the microbiome-mediated pathophysiology of EAC.

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Probiotics: A Systematic Review

Cited by 45 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates

The Role of Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

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