Gastritis staging in clinical practice by OLGA (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment) system - Evaluation of gastric mucosal atrophy and metaplasia

Diagnosis of Gastritis – Review from Early Pathological Evaluation to Present Day Management

“…However, later prospective studies could not really show its benefit (Stolte & Meining, 2001). Even in our conducted study higher number of intestinal metaplasia were found in antral biopsies then in the biopsies taken from the incisura angularis (Szabo et al, 2012). After the development of the visual analogue scale according to the Up-dated Sydney System, the grading of atrophy still continued to show a considerable inter-observer variability (El-Zimaity et al, 1996).…”

Current Topics in Gastritis - 2012

“…Acute and chronic gastritis can be differentiated on the basis of the development and process of the disease. Chronic gastritis may be caused by different factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, bacterial overgrowt in a hypochlorhydric stomach, autoimmune mechanisms, or chemical agents such as long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment, and bile reflux (Owen 2003;Appelman 1994, Szabo et al 2012, for details about mechanisms we refere to the other chapters of this book. Nowdays, the importance of Helicobacter pylori infection is increasing as the main causative factor in gastric diseases in humans.…”