Gastritis Stages in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Dyspeptic Twins

Abstract

<jats:p><jats:italic>Background</jats:italic>. The progression of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori</jats:italic>-associated gastritis towards atrophic gastritis is modulated by host-related and environmental factors. Studies that explore the possible involvement of host-related versus environmental factors in the development of gastritis phenotype induced by <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> are highly needed. <jats:italic>Aims</jats:italic>. Our study was aimed at investigating the phenotype of <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-associated gastritis in two cohorts of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, using the OLGA/OLGIM gastritis staging system. <jats:italic>Methods</jats:italic>. Two cohorts of monozygotic (14 pairs) and dizygotic (15 pairs) dyspeptic twins prospectively underwent endoscopy with biopsy sampling based on Sydney protocol. <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> status and OLGA/OLGIM stages were assessed and compared. <jats:italic>Results</jats:italic>. The mean age of monozygotic and dizygotic twins was 40.4 and 38.6 years, respectively (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.623</mml:mn></mml:math>). The overall prevalence of <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> infection was 51.7%. Among the 14 monozygotic twin pairs, five pairs were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-positive, four were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-negative, and five were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-discordant. Among the 15 dizygotic twin pairs, five pairs were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-positive, five were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-negative, and five were <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-discordant. Concordance for antrum atrophy in monozygotic twins was 78.6% (11/14 pairs) and in dizygotic twins 73.3% (11/15 pairs) (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.742</mml:mn></mml:math>). Concordance for corpus atrophy in monozygotic versus dizygotic twins was 92.9% (13/14 pairs) and 86.7% (13/15 pairs), respectively (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.584</mml:mn></mml:math>). Concordance for antrum intestinal metaplasia (IM) in monozygotic twins was 85.7% (12/14 pairs) and in dizygotic 73.3% (11/15 pairs) (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.411</mml:mn></mml:math>). Concordance for corpus IM in monozygotic twins was 85.7% (12/14 pairs) and in dizygotic 86.7% (13/15 pairs) (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.941</mml:mn></mml:math>). Among monozygotic and dizygotic subjects, the stage of gastritis was concordant in both <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-positive and <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>-negative subjects. <jats:italic>Conclusions</jats:italic>. In conclusion, histological gastric mucosa alterations in monozygotic and dizygotic twins showed high rates of concordance. Furthermore, OLGA/OLGIM gastritis stages were not modulated by the zygosity of the twins.</jats:p>

Comparison of Concordance of Peptic Ulcer Disease, Non-Adenomatous Intestinal Polyp, and Gallstone Disease in Korean Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…A recent twin study on peptic ulcer disease focused on the human gut microbiome composition has shown that aging and household-sharing may be the main determinants of gut microbial similarity and drift in both monozygotic and dizygotic twins [43]; however, there was a prominent decline in bacterial similitude with aging [43]. Another twin study indicated that histological gastric mucosa alterations showed high rates of concordance in both monozygotic and dizygotic twins [44], which suggests the importance of both genetic and environmental contributions in peptic ulcer disease. Likewise, in the present study, different environmental or acquired influences may have attenuated the chance of concordance of gastric/duodenal ulcers and cholelithiasis/cholangitis in monozygotic twin pairs compared to that in their dizygotic counterparts.…”