Gastrin-releasing peptide attenuates fear memory reconsolidation

Murkar, Anthony; Kent, Pamela; Cayer, Christian; James, Jonathan; Merali, Zul

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.11.037

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…inconsistent with previous work suggesting that memories targeted by reconsolidation blockade are not prone to reinstatement (Nader et al, 2000;Bustos et al, 2009;Meloni et al, 2014;Murkar et al, 2017). Rather, we anticipate that a floor effect is responsible for this observation in both cases since mean freezing levels at day 7 in both long-term experiments were much lower overall for all groups in both of our long-term experiments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…This technique has been used in preclinical research to help identify potential therapeutic targets (Debiec and LeDoux, 2006;Lin et al, 2006;Pitman et al, 2011;Murkar et al, 2017). Some, such as the b-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, xenon (which blocks NMDA receptors), and gastrin-releasing peptide (homologue of the amphibian peptide bombesin), show promise of attenuating learned fear when administered during the reconsolidation window in rodents (Debiec and LeDoux, 2006;Meloni et al, 2014;Murkar et al, 2017). Although it has only been sparsely tested in humans, there is some evidence from translational studies to suggest that the blockade of reconsolidation may have practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extract and Active Principal of the Neotropical Vine Souroubea sympetala Gilg. Block Fear Memory Reconsolidation

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extract and Active Principal of the Neotropical Vine Souroubea sympetala Gilg. Block Fear Memory Reconsolidation

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, many of the same gut hormones are also expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), acting to translate metabolic information between the GI tract and the CNS [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The gut hormone gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and its receptor gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) have been implicated in fear-related responses [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Mice deficient in GRPR show greater fear in associative learning, indicating that receptor agonist could be used for fear-related disorders [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic Acid Helps to Lessen Extinction Memory in Rats

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Memory extinction is referred to as a learning process in which a conditioned response (CR) progressively reduces over time as an animal learns to uncouple a response from a stimulus. Extinction occurs when the rat is placed into a context without shock after training. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6, n-3) is implicated in memory formation in mammalian brains. In a two-way active shuttle-avoidance apparatus, we examined whether DHA affects the extinction memory and the expression of brain cognition-related proteins, including gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor (BDNFR) tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrKB), and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits NR2A and NR2B. Also, the protein levels of GRP, BDNF, postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95), and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and the antioxidative potentials, in terms of lipid peroxide (LPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), were examined in the hippocampus. During the acquisition phase, the rats received a conditioned stimulus (CS-tone) paired with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS foot shock) for three consecutive days (Sessions S1, S2, and S3, each consisting of 30-trials) after 12 weeks of oral administration of DHA. After a three-day interval, the rats were re-subjected to two extinction sessions (S4, S5), each comprising 30 trials of CS alone. During the acquisition training in S1, the shock-related avoidance frequency (acquisition memory) was significantly higher in the DHA-administered rats compared with the control rats. The avoidance frequency, however, decreased with successive acquisition trainings in sessions S2 and S3. When the rats were subjected to the extinction sessions after a break for consolidation, the conditioned response (CR) was also significantly higher in the DHA-administered rats. Interestingly, the freezing responses (frequency and time) also significantly decreased in the DHA-administered rats, thus suggesting that a higher coping capacity was present during fear stress in the DHA-administered rats. DHA treatments increased the mRNA levels of GRPR, BDNF receptor TrKB, and NMDAR subunit NR2B. DHA also increased the protein levels of GRP, BDNF, PSD-95, and VAChT, and the antioxidative potentials in the hippocampus. These results suggest the usefulness of DHA for treating stress disorders.

show abstract

“…Thus, changes in 5-HTT protein expression may impair the 5-HT system function and affect individual's emotion [20]. In particular, variations in the functional human polymorphism 5-HTTLPR have been hypothesized to affect risk for PTSD [21]. Interestingly, the 5-HTTLPR human polymorphism has been also associated with neuroticism [22] and increased vulnerability to affective disorders [23], in many but not all studies [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Associated Research for Genetic Polymorphism of 5-HTTLPR with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Guo¹,

Yang²,

Huang³

et al. 2019

JBBS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) in patients diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a Chinese sample of earthquake survivors. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were performed to type 5-HTTLPR promoter polymorphism in 57 PTSD patients and an equal number of healthy controls. The genotype and allele frequency distribution were analyzed and compared using various statistical methods. The frequency of LL, SL and SS genotypes in patients was found to be 5, 16 and 36 respectively, in comparison to 16, 22 and 19 in healthy controls. Fewer patients tended to be L genotype (22.8%) than controls (47.4%), but the number of patients with the S genotype was higher (77.2%) compared to controls (52.6%). The results show a statistically significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution between patients and controls. This research suggests that PTSD symptoms are significantly associated with 5-HTTLPR genetic polymorphism. These results add to the important research of genetics of psychiatric disorders, particularly in a Chinese context that has not been previously studied.

show abstract

Gastrin-releasing peptide attenuates fear memory reconsolidation

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Extract and Active Principal of the Neotropical Vine Souroubea sympetala Gilg. Block Fear Memory Reconsolidation

Extract and Active Principal of the Neotropical Vine Souroubea sympetala Gilg. Block Fear Memory Reconsolidation

Docosahexaenoic Acid Helps to Lessen Extinction Memory in Rats

An Associated Research for Genetic Polymorphism of 5-HTTLPR with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About