Gastric mucosa injury quantification in an ischemia — Reperfusion experimental model

Abstract

Gastric ischemia - reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important clinical problem, which is developed in more than 80% of critically ill patients. I/R is caused by interruption of blood supply to an organ or tissue followed by blood reflow into the exposed area, leading to multiple organ failure and death. Gastric reactance has been proposed to measure tissue injury caused by ischemia. The present study evaluates a new method to quantify gastric tissue damage due to I/R, and assess its relation to gastric reactance changes. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control, ischemia, I/R 30 min, I/R 1 h. Local gastric ischemia was induced by clamping the celiac artery for 30 min and reperfusion was done for 30-60 min. In all groups, gastric impedance was measured, and then gastric mucosa samples were taken for light microscopy. There were statistical significant differences (p <;0.05) among the groups with respect to the index of gastric injury proposed, which was greater in I/R 1 h group. Also, impedance parameters increased in I/R groups with respect to control, and ischemia groups. The proposed index of gastric injury allowed gastric mucosa damage quantification, and it was related with gastric impedance increase, which is an objective method to evaluate tissue injury.

Bioelectric, tissue, and molecular characteristics of the gastric mucosa at different times of ischemia

“…Briefly, the algorithms included in the Aperio CS2 equipment provide us with a series of quantitative measurements, including intensity, concentration, and percentage of positive staining. To calculate the degree of injury in gastric mucosa, a TLI proposed by Peña-Mercado et al 20 was used, which is related to changes in gastric impedance parameters to identify the maximum sensitivity and specificity value from a curve of the operating characteristics of the receiver (ROC).…”

“…The variables considered were the vascular area, glandular lumen area, the number of damaged cells (edema, apoptosis, or necrosis), and the depth of epithelial erosion zones, and from these parameters, a characterization was made as to the presence of tissue damage, based on a score >3. 20 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a family of enzymes that use oxygen and nitrogen (derived from the amino acid arginine) to catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a calcium-independent enzyme, which is expressed during the inflammatory process and during hypoxic conditions.…”

Protective effects of hesperidin in gastric damage caused by experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury model in rats

“…Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the gastrointestinal tract has been linked to a high rate of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from hemorrhagic shock, gastric ulcer bleeding, microvascular dysfunction, and gastrointestinal disorders. Due to oxidative stress, ischemia followed by reperfusion causes gastric lesions 1 .…”

The Effect of Desloratadine Upon Ischemia-reperfusion-induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Gastric Injury in Rats

“…Reperfusion procedure essential to be performed in these cases causes serious complications (Eltzschig and Eckle, 2011). Gastric ischemiareperfusion (I/R) is a remarkable condition that develops in more than 80% of patients undergoing surgical procedures (Pena-Mercado et al, 2016). I/R injury begins with the accumulation of hypoxanthine) and xanthine oxidase in the tissue during the ischemia period.…”