Gastric juice long noncoding RNA used as a tumor marker for screening gastric cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. However, the value of lncRNAs in the diagnosis of gastric cancer remains unknown. To identify whether lncRNA-AA174084 is a potential marker for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC), the authors investigated its levels in tissues, blood, and gastric juices from patients with various stage of gastric tumorigenesis. METHODS: Total RNA in 860 specimens from patients and healthy controls was extracted. Levels of AA174084 in 134 paired GC tissues, 127 gastric mucosal tissues, 335 plasma samples, and 130 gastric juice samples at each stage of gastric tumorigenesis were measured using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The potential association between AA174084 levels and patients' clinicopathologic features were analyzed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for differentiating GC patients from controls. RESULTS: Expression levels of AA174084 were down-regulated significantly in 95 of 134 GC tissues (71%) compared with the levels in paired, adjacent, normal tissues (P < .001). AA174084 levels had significant, negative correlations with age (P 5 .031), Borrmann type (P 5 .016), and perineural invasion (P 5 .032). Plasma AA174084 levels in patients with GC dropped markedly on day 15 after surgery compared with preoperative levels (P < .001) and were associated with invasion (P 5 .049) and lymphatic metastasis (P 5 .042). AA174084 levels in gastric juice from patients with GC were significantly higher than the levels in normal mucosa or in patients with minimal gastritis, gastric ulcers, and atrophic gastritis (P < .001). The area under ROC was up to 0.848 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: AA174084 may have potential as marker for the early diagnosis of GC. Cancer 2014;120:3320-9.

Long noncoding RNAs: emerging players in thyroid cancer pathogenesis

“…In oral cancers, a set of lncRNAs in the saliva were identified as potential markers (Tang et al 2013). Detection of AA174084 in gastric juice was shown to be an indicator of gastric cancer (Shao et al 2014). Plasmamediated detection of the MALAT1 fragment has been shown to serve as a biomarker for prostate cancer (Ren et al 2013).…”

Plasma lncRNA-GACAT2 is a valuable marker for the screening of gastric cancer

“…In order to detect plasma GACAT2 levels, RT-qPCR was performed with GoTaq qPCR Master mix (Promega Corporation) on a Mx3005P qPCR system (Stratagene; Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expression, which maintains a stable level in human plasma (9), was used as a control for plasma GACAT2 detection. Primers for GAPDH and GACAT2 were synthesized by Sangon Biotech, Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).…”

“…The conditions of thermal cycling were as follows: 95˚C at 5 min for a hot-start, followed by 45 cycles at 94˚C for 15 sec, 55˚C for 30 sec and 72˚C for 30 sec. The level of GACAT2 was calculated using the 2 -ΔΔCq method (9). A lower quantification cycle (Cq) indicates a higher level of plasma GACAT2.…”

“…For example, Zang et al (8) reported that lncRNA-PEG10 expression was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues, and that it regulated the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Furthermore, Shao et al (9) demonstrated that lncRNA-AA174084 expression was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues. A previous study determined that gastric cancer associated transcript 2 (GACAT2) was not only significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tissue, but was also aberrantly expressed in gastric precancerous lesions and gastric cell lines (10).…”

Clinical Analysis of Long Non-coding RNA (LncRNA): Therapeutic Targeting of Tumorigenesis and Tumor Disease

“…PCA3 is uncovered in urine of prostate cancer patients while UCA1 is found in urine of bladder cancer. Interestingly, AA174084, an lncRNA, can be discovered down-level at gastric juice in stomach cancer patients [16] . Table 4: Circulating lncRNA prognostic lncRNA markers for tumor diseases lncRNAs predicting tumorigenesis…”