Gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis related signature predicts prognosis and sensitivity to immunotherapy in gastric cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer peritoneal metastases (GCPM) is a leading cause of GC‐related death. Early detection of GCPM is critical for improving the prognosis of advanced GC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the GSE62254 database to distinguish between GCPM and non‐GCPM. The gastric cancer peritoneal metastases signature (GCPMs) was developed using DEGs. We analysed the effectiveness of GCPMs as indicators for prognosis, chemotherapy, and immune therapy response in GC patients. Subsequently, we analysed the correlation between GCPMs and immune microenvironment as well as immune escape in GC patients. Random forest model and immunohistochemistry was utilized to identify the crucial genes that can aid in the diagnosis of GCPM. We identified five DEGs and utilized their expression to construct GCPMs. Patients with high GCPMs had a higher likelihood of a poor prognosis, while those with low GCPMs appeared to potentially benefit more from chemotherapy. GCPMs were a dependable marker for predicting the response to immunotherapy. Additionally, GCPMs was found to be significantly linked to stromal score and cancer‐associated fibroblasts. SYNPO2 has been identified as the gene with the highest significance in the diagnosis of GCPM. Immunohistochemistry suggests that SYNPO2‐positive expression in tumour cells, fibroblasts, inflammatory cell may be associated with promoting peritoneal metastasis in GC. GCPMs have shown to be a promising biomarker for predicting the prognosis and response of GC patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The use of GCPMs for individual tumour evaluation may pave the way for personalized treatment for GC patients in the future.

SYNPO2 promotes the development of BLCA by upregulating the infiltration of resting mast cells and increasing the resistance to immunotherapy

“…However, in prostate cancer, SYNPO2 overexpression is associated with enhanced cell migration, potentially due to its involvement in stress fiber assembly ( 10 , 15 ). The present findings align with previous studies, suggesting that SYNPO2 is an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome and is positively linked to increased metastasis in cancer ( 37 , 42 ). Notably, drug resistance poses a challenge in the treatment of patients with advanced BLCA.…”

“…Given the potential impact of SYNPO2 expression on immune function ( 36 , 37 ), ssGSEA was used to estimate tumor immune infiltration levels. Several innate immune cell types, including mast (r=0.636) and natural killer (NK) cells (r=0.509) and eosinophils (r=0.489), exhibited significant correlations with SYNPO2 expression ( Fig.…”