Gastric cancer in the pediatric population, a multicenter cross-sectional analysis of presentation and coexisting comorbidities

The Most Recent Insights into the Roots of Gastric Cancer

“…The role of H. pylori infection in the occurrence of intestinal metaplasia, which is defined as a premalignant condition, was also pointed out by Cam et al in infected Turkish children [99]. A more recent multicenter cross-sectional analysis, including 333 children diagnosed with gastric cancer with a mean age of 11.8 years, identified the presence of H. pylori infection in 10.2% of cases [100]. Nevertheless, genetic predisposition is worth mentioning, since it was proved to be present in up to 10% of the cases [100].…”

“…A more recent multicenter cross-sectional analysis, including 333 children diagnosed with gastric cancer with a mean age of 11.8 years, identified the presence of H. pylori infection in 10.2% of cases [100]. Nevertheless, genetic predisposition is worth mentioning, since it was proved to be present in up to 10% of the cases [100]. A recent study highlighted that the expression of several genes encoding inflammatory molecules that are closely related to the development of gastric cancer, like C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13, lipocalin-2, regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha, and pim-2, are upregulated even in children with H. pylori, not only in adults [101].…”

“…A recent study highlighted that the expression of several genes encoding inflammatory molecules that are closely related to the development of gastric cancer, like C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13, lipocalin-2, regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha, and pim-2, are upregulated even in children with H. pylori, not only in adults [101]. Ethnicity was also proved to be related to gastric cancer prevalence, with it being stated that non-Hispanic whites have the most increased risk of developing stomach cancer as compared to African Americans and Asians [100]. Children with gastric solid tumors commonly present with gastrointestinal bleeding, subsequent anemia, dysphagia, abdominal pain, fever, abdominal mass, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss [98,100] (Table 2).…”

“…Ethnicity was also proved to be related to gastric cancer prevalence, with it being stated that non-Hispanic whites have the most increased risk of developing stomach cancer as compared to African Americans and Asians [100]. Children with gastric solid tumors commonly present with gastrointestinal bleeding, subsequent anemia, dysphagia, abdominal pain, fever, abdominal mass, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss [98,100] (Table 2).…”