Gastric Cancer in Iran: An Overview of Risk Factors and Preventive Measures

Akbarpour, Elham; Sadjadi, Alireza; Derakhshan, Mohammad H.; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Alimohammadian, Masoomeh

doi:10.34172/aim.2021.79

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Risk factors, including Helicobacter pylori, tobacco, genetics, and diet, are known to be involved in causing GC 33,41 . Excessive salt consumption, a lack of fruits and vegetables, preserved foods, and red meat are all dietary factors 42 . Several lifestyle factors have been associated with an increased risk of GC, including high salt intake, smoking, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates in Afghanistan in 2020: A review study

Shayan,

Rahimi,

Özcebe

2023

Cancer Reports

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BackgroundAfghanistan is in an epidemiological transition, as cancer is the second leading cause of mortality due to non‐communicable diseases. This study is the first to provide a comprehensive perspective on the overall cancer situation in Afghanistan by discussing the top five most common cancers, their incidence variations, risk factors, and preventive measures. The limited number of cancer studies conducted in Afghanistan highlights the importance of the present review.Recent FindingsThis article provides an overview of cancer burden in Afghanistan in 2020. It utilizes IARC‐generated GLOBOCAN 2020 data for one, three, and five‐year prevalence rates, the estimated number of new cancer cases, and mortality rates by age group in Afghanistan. According to GLOBOCAN, the top five common cancers in both sexes in Afghanistan were breast (n = 3173, 14.3%), stomach (n = 2913, 7.8%), lung (n = 1470, 6.6%), cervix uteri (n = 1200, 5.4%), and colorectum (n = 1084, 4.9%).ConclusionThis study provides a brief overview of the general cancer situation in Afghanistan, and a more in‐depth analysis of the five common cancers identified. Effective therapies, awareness, and prevention initiatives targeting lifestyle, immunization, early diagnosis, and environmental risk factors are essential for addressing the impact of population growth and aging on cancer incidence in Afghanistan. Further research and extensive studies are needed to better understand cancer burden in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates in Afghanistan in 2020: A review study

Shayan,

Rahimi,

Özcebe

2023

Cancer Reports

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“…Gastric cancer (GC) can be considered as the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer (5.7%) and the third leading cause of cancer deaths (8.2%) globally [ 1 ]. Since GC is frequently asymptomatic or may associate with mild non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms in its early stages, it is often diagnosed in the advanced stages, and consequently, no therapeutic or survival benefit is obtained from conventional surgery or chemo/radiotherapy [ 2 ]. More than 40% of GC patients do not show any response to chemotherapy and the rest resist chemotherapy, resulting in a low survival rate and the limitation of treatment options [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Eskandarion,

Eskandarieh,

Tutunchi

et al. 2024

Clin Exp Med

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Investigating the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and their characteristics is still controversial in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, in this study, to provide a comprehensive review and meta-analyses of the literature on association of CTCs with gastric cancer, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Medline were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted during February 2022 using the keywords. Risk of bias, hazard ratios (HRs), and risk differences (RD) were assessed. Forty-five studies containing 3,342 GC patients from nine countries were assessed. The overall prevalence of CTC in GC was 69.37% (60.27, 77.78). The pooled result showed that increased mortality in GC patients was significantly associated with positive CTCs, poor overall survival (HR = 2.73, 95%CI 2.34–3.24, p < 0.001), and progression-free survival rate (HR = 2.78, 95%CI 2.01–3.85, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses regarding markers, detection methods, treatment type, presence of distance metastasis, presence of lymph node metastasis, and overall risk of bias showed significant associations between the groups in terms of the incidence rates of CTCs, OS, and PFS. In addition, the results of risk differences based on sampling time showed that the use of the cell search method (RD: − 0.19, 95%CI (− 0.28, − 0.10), p < 0.001), epithelial marker (RD: − 0.12, 95%CI (− 0.25, 0.00), p 0.05) and mesenchymal markers (RD: − 0.35, 95%CI (− 0.57, − 0.13), p 0.002) before the treatment might have a higher diagnostic power to identify CTCs and also chemotherapy treatment (RD: − 0.17, 95%CI (− 0.31, − 0.03), p 0.016) could significantly reduce the number of CTCs after the treatment. We also found that the risk differences between the clinical early and advanced stages were not statistically significant (RD: − 0.10, 95%CI (− 0.23, 0.02), P 0.105). Also, in the Lauren classification, the incidence of CTC in the diffuse type (RD: − 0.19, 95%CI (− 0.37, − 0.01), P0.045) was higher than that in the intestinal type. Meta-regression analysis showed that baseline characteristics were not associated with the detection of CTCs in GC patients. According to our systematic review and meta-analysis, CTCs identification may be suggested as a diagnostic technique for gastric cancer screening, and the outcomes of CTC detection may also be utilized in the future to create personalized medicine programs.

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“…15 According to reports, 75% of all GC diagnosed patients and deaths have occurred in Asia, and 80% of patients with GC are diagnosed in stage IV. 16 Therefore, it is crucial to apply an efficient screening method in the general population to detect and prevent GC in its early stages. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA125 are widely used biomarkers for early diagnosis and determining GC patient prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Aptamer-based Biosensors in Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: A Promising Method for Early Detection

Rajabi¹,

Afrashteh²,

Maddah³

2023

Explor Res Hypothesis Med

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Personalized medicine is a relatively new approach that addresses differences between patients based on unique features such as genetic make-up, environment, and physiology. Aptamers are synthetic sequences of single-stranded DNA or RNA with a particular three-dimensional conformation that binds to a target. Aptamer-based biosensors are promising tools to detect disease markers, especially in cancer. Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and has very high prevalence in Asia. Currently, there is a lack of effective screening tools for the early detection of gastric cancer. Thus, identifying new methods to detect markers of gastric cancer is crucial. In this study, the role of aptamer-based biomarkers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer is reviewed.

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Gastric Cancer in Iran: An Overview of Risk Factors and Preventive Measures

Cited by 13 publications

References 88 publications

Cancer prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates in Afghanistan in 2020: A review study

Cancer prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates in Afghanistan in 2020: A review study

Investigating the role of circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Application of Aptamer-based Biosensors in Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: A Promising Method for Early Detection

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