Gastric bypass in female rats lowers concentrated sugar solution intake and preference without affecting brief-access licking after long-term sugar exposure

Hyde, Kellie M.; Blonde, Ginger D.; Bueter, Marco; Roux, Carel W. le; Spector, Alan C.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00240.2019

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…After this meal, RYGB animals did not eat again for a long time compared with CTL animals and after resuming food consumption their meals were smaller. This finding is similar to other studies wherein RYGB rats initially responded similarly as control animals in other contexts, such as short-and long-term drinking tests, only to reduce intake in subsequent exposures (e.g., [55,59,60,64,130]).…”

Section: Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass Changes Meal Patterns Primarily By Reducing the Size Of Mealssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Many of the basic consequences of RYGB on physiology and behavior in rats emulate those seen in humans; after the surgery both rats and humans lose body weight, have improved glycemic control, reduce intake, and display elevated levels of key gut hormones [18,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. The changes in the relative intake of energy dense foods and fluids observed in rats after RYGB do not appear to be driven by an unconditioned modulation of the palatability of those foods [18,55,59,60,[62][63][64][65][66]. In fact, the bases of the underlying changes in food selection after the surgery in rats, including whether those changes are tied to the postoral consequences of ingestion, remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Meal Patterns and Food Choices of Female Rats Fed a Cafeteria-Style Diet Are Altered by Gastric Bypass Surgery

et al. 2021

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After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB), rats tend to reduce consumption of high-sugar and/or high-fat foods over time. Here, we sought to investigate the behavioral mechanisms underlying these intake outcomes. Adult female rats were provided a cafeteria diet comprised of five palatable foodstuffs varying in sugar and fat content and intake was monitored continuously. Rats were then assigned to either RYGB, or one of two control (CTL) groups: sham surgery or a nonsurgical control group receiving the same prophylactic iron treatments as RYGB rats. Post-sur-gically, all rats consumed a large first meal of the cafeteria diet. After the first meal, RYGB rats reduced intake primarily by decreasing the meal sizes relative to CTL rats, ate meals more slowly, and displayed altered nycthemeral timing of intake yielding more daytime meals and fewer nighttime meals. Collectively, these meal patterns indicate that despite being motivated to consume a cafeteria diet after RYGB, rats rapidly learn to modify eating behaviors to consume foods more slowly across the entire day. RYGB rats also altered food preferences, but more slowly than the changes in meal patterns, and ate proportionally more energy from complex carbohydrates and protein and proportionally less fat. Overall, the pattern of results suggests that after RYGB rats quickly learn to adjust their size, eating rate, and distribution of meals without altering meal number and to shift their macronutrient intake away from fat; these changes appear to be more related to postingestive events than to a fundamental decline in the palatability of food choices.

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Section: Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass Changes Meal Patterns Primarily By Reducing the Size Of Mealssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Meal Patterns and Food Choices of Female Rats Fed a Cafeteria-Style Diet Are Altered by Gastric Bypass Surgery

et al. 2021

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“…There are several standard behavioral tests that have been applied in rodent models of BS to assess changes in ingestive behavior. In an ad libitum setting after RYGB, rats show a decrease in intake of calorically dense solutions relative to that of water compared with controls ( 34 – 36 , 40 ). Moreover, when a vegetable drink was used as an alternative to water and pitted with either fatty or sweet solutions, RYGB rats shifted their preferences to the vegetable drink ( 41 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early Postoperative Exposure to High-Fat Diet Does Not Increase Long-Term Weight Loss or Fat Avoidance After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Rats

et al. 2022

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BackgroundBariatric surgery alters food preferences in rats and reportedly decreases desire to consume high-fat high-sugar food in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate whether early post-operative exposure to high-fat food could increase body weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by triggering fat avoidance.MethodsMale Wistar rats underwent either RYGB (n = 15) or sham-operations (n = 16). Preoperatively a standardized 4-choice cafeteria diet [dietary options: low-fat/low-sugar (LFLS), low-fat/high-sugar (LFHS), high-fat/low-sugar (HFLS), high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS)] was offered. First, each option was available for 4 days, thereafter rats were offered the 4 options simultaneously for 3 days preoperatively. Post-surgery, 8 rats in the RYGB- and 8 in the sham-group were exposed to a high-fat content diet (Oatmeal + 30% lard, OM+L) for 10 days, while 7 RYGB rats and 8 sham-rats received OM alone. From the 11th postoperative day, the 4-choice cafeteria diet was reintroduced for 55-days. The intake of all available food items, macronutrients and body weight changes were monitored over 8 weeks. Main outcomes were long-term body-weight and daily change in relative caloric intake during the postoperative cafeteria period compared to the preoperative cafeteria.ResultsDuring the first 12 days of postoperative cafeteria access, RYGB-rats exposed to OM+L had a higher mean caloric intake per day than RYGB rats exposed to OM alone (Δ10 kCal, Padj = 0.004), but this difference between the RYGB groups disappeared thereafter. Consequently, in the last 33 days of the postoperative cafeteria diet, the mean body weight of the RYGB+OM+L group was higher compared to RYGB+OM (Δ51 g, Padj < 0.001). RYGB rats, independently from the nutritional intervention, presented a progressive decrease in daily consumption of calories from fat and increased their daily energy intake mainly from non-sugar carbohydrates. No such differences were detected in sham-operated controls exposed to low- or high fat postoperative interventions.ConclusionA progressive decrease in daily fat intake over time was observed after RYGB, independently from the nutritional intervention. This finding confirms that macronutrient preferences undergo progressive changes over time after RYGB and supports the role of ingestive adaptation and learning. Early postoperative exposure to high-fat food failed to accentuate fat avoidance and did not lead to superior weight loss in the long-term.

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“…Although the influence of RYGB in humans on food choice and preference is debated, there seems to be consistent evidence for an effect of surgery on diet choice in rodents. Several studies have shown that rats that receive RYGB surgery decrease intake of high-fat or high-sugar food or drink items and/or increase intake of low-fat/-sugar items [50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Some groups have found decreased hedonic responsiveness to sucrose following RYGB (i.e., assessed in brief-access tests) [57][58][59], but such a surgery-induced influence on taste-related motivational potency of these stimuli is not universally reported [50,54,56,60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Diet on NaCl and Sucrose Taste Detection Thresholds and Number of Circumvallate and Fungiform Taste Buds in Female Rats

et al. 2022

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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in rats attenuates preference for, and intake of, sugar solutions. Additionally, maintenance on a high-fat diet (HFD) reportedly alters behavioral responsiveness to sucrose in rodents in short-term drinking tests. Due to the fact that the behavioral tests to date rely on the hedonic value of the stimulus to drive responsiveness, we sought to determine whether taste detection thresholds to sucrose and NaCl are affected by these manipulations as measured in an operant two-response signal detection paradigm. Female rats were maintained on HFD or chow for 10 weeks, at which point animals received either RYGB or SHAM surgery followed by a gel-based diet and then powdered chow. Upon recovery, half of the rats that were previously on HFD were switched permanently to chow, and the other rats were maintained on their presurgical diets (n = 5–9/diet condition x surgery group for behavioral testing). The rats were then trained and tested in a gustometer. There was a significant interaction between diet condition and surgery on NaCl threshold that was attributable to a lower value in RYGB vs. SHAM rats in the HFD condition, but this failed to survive a Bonferroni correction. Importantly, there were no effects of diet condition or surgery on sucrose thresholds. Additionally, although recent evidence suggests that maintenance on HFD alters taste bud number in the circumvallate papillae (CV) of mice, in a subset of rats, we did not find that diet significantly influenced taste pores in the anterior tongue or CV of female rats. These results suggest that any changes in sucrose responsiveness in intake/preference or hedonically oriented tests in rats as a function of HFD maintenance or RYGB are not attributable to alterations in taste sensitivity.

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Gastric bypass in female rats lowers concentrated sugar solution intake and preference without affecting brief-access licking after long-term sugar exposure

Cited by 10 publications

References 73 publications

Meal Patterns and Food Choices of Female Rats Fed a Cafeteria-Style Diet Are Altered by Gastric Bypass Surgery

Meal Patterns and Food Choices of Female Rats Fed a Cafeteria-Style Diet Are Altered by Gastric Bypass Surgery

Early Postoperative Exposure to High-Fat Diet Does Not Increase Long-Term Weight Loss or Fat Avoidance After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Rats

The Influence of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Diet on NaCl and Sucrose Taste Detection Thresholds and Number of Circumvallate and Fungiform Taste Buds in Female Rats

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